Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41803997›Full record

ArticleAdvances in simulation (London, England)2026

Understanding how to maintain paramedic simulation-based education quality: a qualitative study.

Carl A Webster, Kacper Sumera, Agnieszka Sumera, Jamie Hahn, Lawrence Hill, Helen Henderson, John Sandars

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Advances in simulation (London, England), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Carl A WebsterInstitute of Health and Allied Professions, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK. carl.webster@ntu.ac.uk.
Kacper SumeraEuropean Pre-hospital Research Network, Nottingham, UK. kacper.sumera@emas.nhs.uk.
Agnieszka SumeraEast Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Education, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK.
Jamie HahnEast Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Education, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK.
Lawrence HillSchool of Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.
Helen HendersonNHS Scotland Academy, Agamemnon St, Clydebank, G814DY, UK.
John SandarsSchool of Medicine, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, L39 4QP, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSimulation-Based Education (SBE) is an essential component of paramedic training, offering a structured environment for students to develop clinical skills and decision-making capabilities. Despite the existence of SBE quality standards, such as those from the Association for Simulated Practice in Healthcare (ASPiH) and the International Nursing Association for Clinical Simulation and Learning (INACSL), the application of these standards in maintaining paramedic SBE quality remains inconsistent. This study explores paramedic educators’ perceptions of SBE quality, the challenges in applying SBE quality standards, and potential strategies for improvement.

methodsAn exploratory qualitative research design was employed, utilising semi-structured interviews with eight paramedic educators from five higher education institutions in the East Midlands, UK. Data were analysed using template analysis to identify key themes related to maintaining paramedic SBE quality.

resultsParticipants were aware of the importance of quality in SBE, yet demonstrated limited awareness and inconsistent application of formal quality standards, often relying more on informal, experience-driven approaches. Psychological safety and student engagement were emphasised as crucial to effective SBE, yet institutional constraints, including financial limitations, staffing shortages, inadequate faculty training, hindered quality assurance efforts. There were also challenges in standardising simulation scenarios and debriefing practices, with educators highlighting the need for greater institutional support and structured training in simulation pedagogy.

conclusionsThe study highlights significant opportunities to enhance the integration of quality standards in paramedic SBE, emphasising the need for improved faculty training, increased institutional investment, and structured quality assurance mechanisms. Addressing these barriers is essential to ensure consistency, effectiveness, and sustainability in paramedic SBE.

Indexed as

Healthcare simulationParamedic educationQuality frameworksSimulation-Based education

Identifiers

PMID41803997
PMCPMC13185405

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.