Observational studyBMC anesthesiology2026
Assessment of the vasoactive-inotropic score in prognostic evaluation of critical patients following noncardiac surgery: a retrospective, observational study.
Observational study in BMC anesthesiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveTo explore the value of the Vasoactive-Inotropic Score (VIS) in evaluating the prognosis of patients admitted to the ICU after noncardiac surgical operations.
methodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on 3,365 post-noncardiac surgical patients admitted to the Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, from January 2018 to June 2022. The VIS was calculated based on the maximum and average doses of vasoactive and inotropic agents administered within the first 24 h after noncardiac surgery. Patients were divided into five groups according to VIS levels: 0–5, 6–15, 16–30, 31–45, and > 45 points.
resultsThe primary outcome was 28-day mortality. The mean 24-h maximum VIS of post-noncardiac surgical ICU patients was 1.2, with over half of the patients having a VIS below 5 points. Mortality in patients with higher VIS was significantly higher than in those with lower VIS, with the mortality rates of the five VIS groups being 7.5%, 9.4%, 12.1%, 17.2%, and 33.8%, respectively. Kaplan–Meier survival curves showed that patients with a VIS > 45 had poorer survival rates. The incidence of infection and sepsis increased with higher VIS. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified a 24-h maximum VIS > 45 was an independent risk factor for 28-day mortality. VIS yielded an AUC of 0.744 for predicting ICU mortality and 0.683 for predicting 28-day mortality. In short-term prognosis assessment, the predictive value of VIS was better than the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score and serum lactate level.
conclusionsAdult post-noncardiac surgical ICU patients have a high incidence of infection and poor outcomes. A higher VIS robustly predicts adverse postoperative outcomes, with independent prognostic value in this Chinese cohort. Though not supplanting established tools (e.g., Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II [APACHE II], SOFA), VIS serves as a complementary indicator, providing additional real-time hemodynamic insights. Larger prospective studies are needed to verify whether VIS-guided interventions improve patient outcomes.
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