Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41803695›Full record

ArticleBMC microbiology2026

Global resistome architecture of Escherichia coli across human and animal hosts: analysis of 9,696 genome.

Adel Azour, Ghassan M Matar, Melhem Bilen

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Adel AzourDepartment of Experimental Pathology, Immunology, and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
Ghassan M MatarDepartment of Experimental Pathology, Immunology, and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
Melhem BilenDepartment of Experimental Pathology, Immunology, and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon. mb228@aub.edu.lb.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Escherichia coli is a ubiquitous bacterium that acts both as a commensal and a pathogen, serving as a major reservoir of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs). The global spread of ARGs, particularly those conferring resistance to last-resort antibiotics such as carbapenems and colistin, poses a serious threat to human and animal health. In this study, we analyzed 9,696 publicly available E. coli genomes from human, animal, and unknown-origin metadata, identifying 42,813 acquired ARG occurrences across ten antibiotic classes. Multidrug resistance (ARGs from ≥ 3 classes) was observed in 44.7% of genomes, with aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, multidrug efflux pumps, and β-lactamases being the most abundant. Clinically important genes, including bla

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsDrug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialEscherichia coliEscherichia coli InfectionsGenome, BacterialAnimalsbeta-LactamasesEscherichia coli ProteinsHumansAnti-Bacterial Agentsbeta-LactamasesEscherichia coli ProteinsAntimicrobial resistanceComparative genomicsEscherichia coliMultidrug resistanceResistome

Identifiers

PMID41803695
PMCPMC13085765

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.