Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41803254›Full record

ArticleChild's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery2026

Ultrafast rebleeding pediatric brain arteriovenous malformation: a case report.

Ai-Ying Chang, Muh-Lii Liang, Kai-Chun Lin, Yi-Jie Lin, Hsin-Fan Chiang, Chun-Chao Huang

Abstract readCase Reports
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Article in Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Ai-Ying ChangDepartment of Medicine, MacKay Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.ORCID 0009-0001-8877-649X
Muh-Lii LiangDepartment of Medicine, MacKay Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
Kai-Chun LinDivision of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan.
Yi-Jie LinDivision of Pediatric Neurology, MacKay Children's Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan.
Hsin-Fan ChiangDepartment of Medicine, MacKay Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
Chun-Chao HuangDepartment of Medicine, MacKay Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan. hcc.5306@mmh.org.tw.ORCID 0000-0003-0757-6486

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Brain arteriovenous malformation (bAVM) is the leading cause of intracranial haemorrhage in children, often resulting in severe morbidity and mortality. While both early and delayed interventions for ruptured bAVMs have advantages, the optimal timing remains controversial. We report an 11-year-old girl with a Spetzler-Martin grade III bAVM presenting with a distal flow-related aneurysm and mild altered consciousness. Six hours after the initial hemorrhage, she developed ultrafast rebleeding, necessitating emergency hematoma evacuation and subsequent staged embolization and resection. Despite total AVM removal, she suffered right hemiparalysis. This case highlights the potential for ultrafast rebleeding in pediatric bAVMs, particularly when distal flow-related aneurysms and altered consciousness are present. Early recognition and timely surgical intervention, including hemorrhage evacuation, should be considered to reduce the risk of catastrophic rebleeding and improve outcomes in this vulnerable population.

Indexed as

Cerebral HemorrhageIntracranial Arteriovenous MalformationsChildEmbolization, TherapeuticFemaleHumansRecurrenceAneurysmArteriovenous malformationIntracerebral hemorrhageOutcomePediatric

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.