ArticleJMIR formative research2026
GPT-Powered Chatbot-Based Positive Psychology Intervention for Well-Being Among Parents of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Single-Arm Mixed Methods Study.
Article in JMIR formative research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06438120 (Chatbot-based Positive Psychology Intervention to Promote Well-being in Caregivers of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The trial behind it
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Chatbot-based Positive Psychology Intervention to Promote Well-being in Caregivers of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Pilot Feasibility Study
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9 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundParents of autistic children frequently experience elevated stress levels, depressive symptoms, and reduced well-being. Positive psychology interventions (PPIs) can strengthen resilience, and chatbots offer a scalable channel through which such skills can be delivered. However, evidence on the evaluation of large language model-guided PPI-based chatbots for this population is limited.
objectiveThis study evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of a GPT-powered chatbot ("Allie"). This study was designed to deliver culturally adapted PPIs to parents of autistic children and to explore their preliminary effects on well-being, depression, stress, and health-related quality of life.
methodsWe conducted a single-arm mixed-methods pilot study with 19 parents with autistic children. These parents engaged with Allie for 2 weeks to complete 8 structured PPI exercises. The primary outcomes were feasibility (completion, ease of use, and practicality) and acceptability (multidimensional user ratings). Secondary outcomes were the World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5), Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Perceived Stress Scale-10, and Short Form-12 Health Survey (version 2) Physical and Mental Component Summary scores. Outcomes were analyzed using paired t tests or Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. Optional postintervention interviews were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis.
resultsA total of 17 (89.5%) participants completed all the exercises, which indicated a high degree of procedural feasibility. There were also high ratings for ease of use and practicality (means 4.47/5, SD 0.70, and 4.32/5, SD 0.67, respectively). Acceptability was favorable (overall satisfaction mean=5.68/7, SD 0.70; prompt response time=6.37/7, SD 0.68). The WHO-5 score improved significantly from 32.84 to 46.11 (t
conclusionsThis pilot study revealed the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary improvement in well-being (WHO-5) of a PPI-based GPT-powered chatbot, Allie, among parents of autistic children. Although there was no significant short-term change in other outcomes, the findings provide insights into design priorities, including personalization, conversational naturalness, multimodal content, and autism spectrum disorder-specific guidance. Larger, controlled trials with longer exposures and more diverse samples are needed to establish efficacy and durability.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT06438120; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06438120.
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