Observational studyInternational ophthalmology2026
Bacterial and fungal keratitis in Northeast Mexico: demographic, predisposing, and microbiological differences among non-contact lens, optical contact lens, and bandage contact lens wearers.
Observational study in International ophthalmology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trends in pathogens causing microbial keratitis in studies conducted in Mexico: a 38-year literature review.International ophthalmology · 2026Review
- Fusariosis in Mexico: cases and gaps to be addressed.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeContact lens wear is a major risk factor for infectious keratitis, this study compared demographics, predisposing factors, and microorganisms in infectious keratitis between non-contact lens (NCL), optical contact lens (OCL) and bandage contact lens (BCL) wearers.
methodsThis was a cross-sectional observational study based on retrospectively collected data from a consecutive series of patients with bacterial or fungal keratitis conducted between 2009 and 2020. Data collected included demographics, clinical characteristics, predisposing factors, and associated microorganisms.
results536 infectious keratitis were analyzed (NCL: 362, 67.5%; CL: 174, 32.5%). Of the CL-group, 31 (17.8%) used BCL and 143 (82.2%) OCL. NCL-group was older than CL-group (47 vs. 25 years; p < 0.001). Females were more common in CL than NCL-wearers (119/174, 68.4% vs. 143/342, 39.5%; p < 0.001). NCL-group, as compared to CL-wearers, showed more vegetal (34/362, 9.4% vs. 2/174, 1.1%; p < 0.001) and non-vegetal (58/362, 16.0% vs. 6/174, 3.4%; p < 0.001) trauma. The positive culture rate was 56.7% (304/536). NCL-group, as compared to CL-wearers, had more gram-positive (110/362, 54.5% vs. 27/174, 26.5%; p < 0.001), more fungal (50/362, 24.8% vs. 10/174, 9.8%; p = 0.01), and fewer gram-negative (64/362, 31.6% vs. 73/174, 71.6%; p < 0.001). BCL, as compared to OCL, showed more gram-positive (10/31, 55.6% vs. 17/143, 20.2%; p = 0.01) and fewer gram-negative (10/31, 55.6%vs. 63/143, 75.0%; p = 0.01) bacteria. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the primary bacteria, and Fusarium spp. was the primary fungus. P. aeruginosa was more common in CL-wearers than NCL-group (67/174, 65.7% vs. 46/362, 22.8%; p = 0.02). Gram-negative was associated with OCL use (OR 1.96, CI 1.06-3.64; p = 0.03) and hypopyon (OR 3.39, CI 2.07-5.56; p < 0.001). Vegetal trauma was associated with fungal keratitis (OR 3.11, CI 1.20-8.05; p = 0.02).
conclusionsCL use and trauma were key predisposing factors for infectious keratitis. P. aeruginosa and Fusarium spp. predominated, with higher P. aeruginosa rates in CL-wearers, fungal infections in NCL-wearers, and more gram-negative isolates in OCL- than in BCL-wearers. These findings provide insight into microbiological trends in Mexico and support targeted preventive strategies.
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