Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41800499›Full record

ReviewThe Canadian journal of urology2026

Prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) as a biomarker in early and localized advanced prostate cancer: a narrative review.

Jonathon Carll, Jacinta Bonaddio, Dixon Woon, Marlon Perera, Nathan Lawrentschuk, Thilakavathi Chengodu

Abstract readReview
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In one paragraph

Review in The Canadian journal of urology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Jonathon CarllDepartment of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia.
Jacinta BonaddioDepartment of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia.
Dixon WoonDepartment of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia.
Marlon PereraDepartment of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia.
Nathan LawrentschukDepartment of Urology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia.
Thilakavathi ChengoduDepartment of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a surface membrane antigen that is highly overexpressed in prostate cancer, with heterogenous expression throughout the natural history of the disease. This has generated significant interest as a potential biomarker for use in early diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. We reviewed the literature surrounding PSMA and its current clinical applications in diagnosing and managing early prostate cancer that is confined to the prostate and local lymph nodes. A search on PubMed, Medline, and Web of Science was performed using the following keywords: "PSMA", "Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen", "Prostate cancer", "Biomarker", "Diagnosis". We considered all available articles relevant to the topic of PSMA as a biomarker in early prostate cancer when developing this narrative review. Key articles assessing the biology of PSMA, as well as its use as a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target in early prostate cancer, were assessed. The role of PSMA PET as a potential diagnostic and risk stratification tool was assessed. The current use of antibody-drug conjugates and radioligand therapy targeting PSMA was assessed, along with any current evidence to support their use in early prostate cancer. PSMA is heavily expressed throughout the early stages of prostate cancer, and this has significant therapeutic implications. There is a growing body of evidence that shows PSMA PET can play a role in the diagnosis, risk stratification, and prognostication of localised prostate cancer. PSMA-targeted therapies such as Lu-177 currently do not have any proven benefit in treating early prostate cancer; however, this remains an area of ongoing research.

Indexed as

Antigens, SurfaceBiomarkers, TumorGlutamate Carboxypeptidase IIProstatic NeoplasmsEarly Detection of CancerHumansMaleNeoplasm StagingPositron-Emission TomographyAntigens, SurfaceBiomarkers, TumorFOLH1 protein, humanGlutamate Carboxypeptidase IIpositron emission tomography (PET)prostate cancerprostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA)radioligand therapy

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.