ArticleFrontiers in veterinary science2026
Pharmacokinetics and preliminary data on safety of meloxicam subcutaneous extended-release formulation in Sprague-Dawley rats.
Article in Frontiers in veterinary science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) play a critical role in managing pain and inflammation in veterinary medicine. Meloxicam, a widely used NSAID, is commonly administered as oral or injectable solution but there is a demand for formulations that can be administered less frequently. Our objective was to develop a safe extended-release subcutaneous meloxicam formulation that can be administered less frequently yet maintaining the plasma levels sufficient for adequate response. Methods: Pharmacokinetics of meloxicam of a subcutaneous suspension [extended release (SC-XR)] formulation was evaluated in Sprague Dawley rats in comparison to intravenous (IV), subcutaneous (SC)] and sustained release (SC-SR), formulations. Dose-escalation and multiple-dosing studies were conducted to assess the drug exposure and safety of the SC-XR suspension formulation. Results: Pharmacokinetic analysis revealed that the XR suspension formulation achieved prolonged drug release and sustained meloxicam concentrations above 1 µg/ml in plasma for up to 72 hours. Multiple dosing of SC-XR formulation (5mg/mL) at escalating doses of 4 mg/kg, 12 mg/kg, and 20 mg/kg demonstrated minimal drug accumulation. No dose-dependent adverse findings observed in the histological, hematological and organ function marker (AST, ALT, Scr, BUN) assessments. Discussion: The new meloxicam XR suspension (4mg/kg) was safe and well tolerated. The meloxicam XR suspension represents a potential option for enhancing pain management and compliance in animal care, offering the prospect of less frequent administration for veterinary purposes.
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