ArticleFrontiers in veterinary science2026
VLP-based indirect ELISA enables reliable sero-diagnosis and epidemiological monitoring of duck circovirus.
Article in Frontiers in veterinary science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Bivalent virus-like particles expressing SPECT1 and CSP trigger pre-erythrocytic malaria immunity and protect against transgenicFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
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Abstract
Introduction: Duck circovirus (DuCV) is an emerging immunosuppressive virus that causes growth retardation, feather loss, and increased susceptibility to secondary infections in ducks, leading to significant economic losses in the duck industry. However, existing serological assays for DuCV detection often lack accuracy and reproducibility due to antigen instability, limiting effective disease surveillance. Methods: To develop a more reliable diagnostic tool, the full-length capsid (Cap) gene of DuCV-2 was codon-optimized, expressed in Results: The VLPs elicited stronger antibody responses than Cap monomers at equivalent doses, confirming their superior antigenicity. The optimized VLP-based iELISA (250 ng/well coating concentration, 1,200 serum dilution) exhibited high sensitivity (detectable up to 1:6400 dilution), strong specificity (no cross-reactivity with other avian pathogens), and good repeatability (CV < 5%). Application of the assay to 290 field duck sera collected in Jiangsu Province (2022-2024) revealed a 19.96% positivity rate, showing a gradual yearly increase. Discussion: This study developed a highly specific, sensitive, and reproducible VLP-based iELISA for DuCV antibody detection. The method provides a practical tool for large-scale epidemiological surveillance and vaccine evaluation, and the VLP-based diagnostic strategy offers a universal framework for serological assays of other avian circoviruses.
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