ArticleIndian journal of anaesthesia2026
Retroclavicular approach of infraclavicular brachial plexus block for regional anaesthesia for upper limb surgeries: A systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis.
Article in Indian journal of anaesthesia, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Abstract
Background and Aims: The retroclavicular approach of infraclavicular block (ICB) has been newly described as a feasible alternative to the classical ICB and has been postulated to be advantageous in terms of better needle visibility, safety, and more patient comfort. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the feasibility, efficacy, and safety outcomes in adult patients undergoing upper limb surgeries under ICB by the retroclavicular approach versus other approaches of brachial plexus block. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Scopus from inception to 1 November 2023 and updated in May 2025. The quality of evidence (QoE) was assessed using the Cochrane RoB 2.0 tool. The primary outcomes were the adequacy of surgical anaesthesia achieved solely by the block and block performance time (BPT). Secondary outcomes included block onset time, needle tip visibility, and incidence of complications. Results: Ten trials ( Conclusion: The retroclavicular approach of ICB was not found to be superior or inferior to other BPBs in terms of needling time, BPT, success rate, or complications. However, it may show better needle visibility and a decrease in BPT compared to other approaches of ICB.
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