ArticleInternational journal of exercise science2026
Sport-Specific Neuromuscular Profiles in Male Youth Swimmers and Sailors: A Comparative Analysis.
Article in International journal of exercise science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Understanding the distinct biomechanical and neuromuscular demands of aquatic sports is key to developing targeted training strategies for youth athletes. This study compared neuromuscular profiles between male youth Thai swimmers and Optimist sailors by examining the Dynamic Strength Index (DSI) in upper and lower limbs. A secondary aim was to assess the relationships between the biological maturity, estimated via 2D:4D digit ratios and predicted peak height velocity (PHV) and neuromuscular performance. Forty male athletes (n = 20 per group; mean age: swimmers = 12.9 ± 0.7, sailors = 13.3 ± 0.8 years) completed ballistic (Countermovement Jump, push-up) and isometric (Isometric Mid-Thigh Pull, grip strength) tests. Swimmers showed significantly greater neuromuscular output in both limbs, with higher CMJ peak force (mean diff: 339.78 N; p < 0.001, d = 1.64) and push-up force (mean diff: 135.26 N; p < 0.001, d = 1.51), resulting in higher lower-limb DSI (0.86 vs. 0.70; p < 0.01, d = 0.89). Two-way ANOVA revealed a significant limb effect (p < 0.001, η
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