ArticleMovement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society2026
The Brain-Age Gap in Pediatric Dystonia: Neuroanatomical Deviations Inform Deep Brain Stimulation Outcomes.
Article in Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundDystonia in children is a heterogeneous condition with variable response to deep brain stimulation (DBS). Brain-age gap, a machine learning-derived metric of structural deviation from norm, may capture signatures that differentiate underlying biotypes and predict outcomes.
methodsA brain age model was trained on several thousand normative developmental trajectories (n = 2623). Brain-age gap (the difference between predicted and chronological age) was computed from pre-DBS T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in 37 children with dystonia and compared to matched healthy controls. Associations with etiology, Burke-Fahn-Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale (BFMDRS) and Pediatric Quality-of-Life (PedsQL) scores were examined.
resultsChildren with dystonia showed a greater brain-age gap (structural deviation) compared to controls (P < 0.001). Greater gap was linked to worse baseline motor scores and poorer 1-year quality-of-life improvement. Patterns differed by etiology, with distinct regional deviations in genetic and acquired dystonia.
conclusionBrain-age modeling reveals biologically distinct subtypes of pediatric dystonia and may offer a biomarker for stratification and outcome prediction. © 2026 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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