ArticleInfection & chemotherapy2026
Determinants and Patterns of Antibiotic Use in Children Under Five in Cambodia: Analysis of Demographic and Health Survey Data 2010-2022.
Article in Infection & chemotherapy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundAntimicrobial resistance is driven by inappropriate antibiotic use. In Cambodia, young children frequently receive antibiotics despite declining rates of common illnesses. We analyzed nationally representative data to describe trends and determinants of antibiotic use for acute respiratory infection (ARI), fever, and diarrhea among under-five children. MATERIALS AND
methodsWe performed a secondary analysis of the Cambodia Demographic and Health Surveys from 2010, 2014, and 2021-2022. Caregivers reported whether children (<60 months) experienced ARI, fever, or diarrhea in the two weeks preceding the survey and whether antibiotics were administered. We calculated weighted prevalence estimates of each illness and the proportion of episodes treated with antibiotics. For fever and diarrhea separately, we fitted multivariable logistic regression models-stratified by survey year-to identify associations between antibiotic receipt and child age, sex, urban
resultsBetween 2010 and 2021-2022, the two-week prevalence of fever declined from 26.8% to 13.2% (
conclusionDespite substantial declines in childhood illness, antibiotic use among Cambodian children under five remains disproportionately high-especially in urban and wealthier households. Antimicrobial stewardship initiatives should focus on reducing overuse in privileged populations while ensuring equitable access in underserved areas.
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