ArticleBJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology2026
Fetal Growth Restriction at a Universal Late Third-Trimester Scan and Relationship With Adverse Outcome: Retrospective Cohort Study.
Article in BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveTo examine the contribution of fetal growth restriction ultrasound phenotypes to adverse perinatal outcomes at term.
designRetrospective population-based cohort study.
settingJohn Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK where universal ultrasound at 35 POPULATION: Congenital abnormalities and births before the scan were excluded. Singleton foetuses were categorised as five mutually exclusive phenotypes using a hierarchical approach: ISUOG fetal growth restriction (FGR), according to Delphi criteria; Constitutional small-for-gestational-age (SGA) (estimated fetal weight [EFW] < 10th centile); Appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) with either cerebroplacental ratio < 5th centile or umbilical artery >95th centile; AGA with slowing abdominal circumference growth velocity (ACGV < 10th centile); Normal AGA;
methodsUnivariate logistic regression was employed using normal AGA as the reference group to estimate odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals. Group differences for continuous variables were assessed using mean differences with confidence intervals through a generalised linear model.
main outcome measuresStillbirth (SB); composite adverse outcome (CAO) (1+ of Grade 2-3 encephalopathy, cooling, ventilation > 24 h, or perinatal death); severe SGA at birth; neonatal unit admission; obstetric interventions.
resultsAmong 45 179 pregnancies, 54 SBs (0.1%) and 253 CAOs (0.6%) occurred. Normal AGA foetuses at the 35
conclusionsTerm FGR and 'normal' babies have similar perinatal risks, presumably because of intervention. Despite a detection rate of 62.7% for severe SGA, most adverse outcomes occurred in pregnancies with a normal scan.
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