Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41795761›Full record

ReviewInternational urology and nephrology2026

Bladder cancer organoids: bridging pathological features and drug response for precision oncology.

Qiaoli Zheng, Enyi Liao, Dongwei Chen, Ge Shan

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in International urology and nephrology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Qiaoli ZhengDepartment of Pathology, Zhuhai People's Hospital (The Affiliated Hospital of Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Zhuhai, China.
Enyi LiaoDepartment of Urology, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.
Dongwei ChenGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People's Hospital (The Affiliated Hospital of Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Zhuhai, China.
Ge ShanDepartment of Urology, Zhuhai People's Hospital (The Affiliated Hospital of Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Zhuhai, China. 1615293239@qq.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Bladder cancer organoids (BCOs) represent a sophisticated three-dimensional pathological model that faithfully recapitulates the tissue architecture and molecular subtypes of parental tumors, thereby serving as a robust platform for investigating tumor heterogeneity and phenotypic plasticity. By establishing a functional bridge between pathological features and drug responses, BCOs not only enhance traditional morphological diagnoses but also predict patients' responses to chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, thereby guiding individualized treatment strategies. Although BCO models face limitations such as culture bias and the absence of tumor microenvironment, which may impact accuracy, emerging technologies like assembloids and organ-on-a-chip systems are transforming patient-derived tumors from static morphological analysis to an integrated "dynamic pathology". This evolution ultimately advances precision oncology in bladder cancer.

Indexed as

OrganoidsPrecision MedicineUrinary Bladder NeoplasmsAntineoplastic AgentsHumansAntineoplastic AgentsBladder cancerDrug responseOrganoidsPrecision oncologyTumor heterogeneity

Identifiers

PMID41795761

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.