ArticleInfectious diseases and therapy2026
Epidemiological Burden and Hospitalization Trends of Human Metapneumovirus in Spain (2016-2023): A Retrospective Study.
Article in Infectious diseases and therapy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
introductionThe hospitalization burden of human metapneumovirus (HMPV) in Spain was estimated assessing disease manifestations and risk factors to guide future vaccine strategies.
methodsThis study was a retrospective analysis of Spain's National Hospital Data System (CMBD) from 2016-2023, performed using ICD-10-CM diagnosis codes, with age-stratified analyses for children under 6 years and adults over 60 years, assessing comorbidities and associated mortality risks.
resultsA total of 4824 hospitalizations were identified; 75% in children, 16% in older adults. Bronchiolitis dominated in children while pneumonia was most common in older adults. Overall annual hospitalization rate was 18.70 hospitalizations per 100,000 in children up to 5 years old, and the annual hospitalization rate was 0.79 hospitalizations per 100,000 in adults over 60 years, Hospital costs totaled over €22 million, and, beyond this overall burden, expenditures showed a significant year-on-year increasing trend. There were 2 deaths among children < 6 years, 18 in individuals between 16 and 59 years and 74 in adults over 60 years old, reaching a case fatality rate of 9.65% in adults, with higher risk associated with kidney failure, liver disease, and cancer.
conclusionsHMPV poses a significant burden on vulnerable groups in Spain. Despite underdiagnosis, rising cases post-COVID highlight the need for targeted prevention. These findings offer a foundation for public health planning and vaccine prioritization.
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