Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41794603›Full record

ArticleUltrasound in medicine & biology2026

Characterization of a Next-Generation Iron Oxide Coupling Medium for Transcranial Magnetic Resonance-Guided Focused Ultrasound.

Nathan Sambo, Ali Sayyah, Lauren Ruger, Hongyu Wang, Adam Maxwell, Steven Allen, Richey M Davis, Eli Vlaisavljevich

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Ultrasound in medicine & biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Nathan SamboDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA. Electronic address: nathansambo@vt.edu.
Ali SayyahDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
Lauren RugerDepartment of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
Hongyu WangNanoscale Characterization and Fabrication Laboratory, Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
Adam MaxwellDepartment of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
Steven AllenDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA.
Richey M DavisDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
Eli VlaisavljevichDepartment of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.

Funding

Iron Based Coupling Media (IBCM) for MRI-guided Transcranial Ultrasound SurgeriesR01EB032773 · NIBIB · BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY · PI ALLEN, STEVEN P · 2022 to 2025
$1.9M
NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB032773
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveAlternative coupling baths for transcranial MR-guided focused ultrasound (tMRgFUS) procedures have been investigated for the purpose of improving image quality. This study characterizes the physical properties and assesses the cavitation properties of an improved coupling media consisting of poly(methacrylic acid)-coated iron oxide nanoparticles synthesized with optimized Fe

methodsA 380 mL volume of 73 mM Fe iron-based coupling medium (IBCM) was synthesized and diluted into 4 concentrations of interest (3.5, 7, 17.5 and 35 mM Fe) and characterized to determine their physical properties. Thereafter, cavitation thresholds (pressure at which probability of cavitation = 0.5) were determined under histotripsy parameters (<1% duty cycle, <20 μs duration, single-cycle pulses) with a 500 kHz transducer at peak negative pressures ranging from 0 to 35 MPa to determine the acoustic feasibility of the coupling media.

resultsThe IBCM produced in this study consisted of particles with a similar size distribution (31-37 nm intensity average hydrodynamic diameters) to prior IBCM formulations but exhibited better r

conclusionThese findings support the feasibility of the IBCM as a replacement for the degassed water bath to improve imaging quality of tMRgFUS procedures without introducing negative acoustic effects.

Indexed as

High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound AblationMagnetic Iron Oxide NanoparticlesMagnetic Resonance ImagingMagnetic Resonance Imaging, InterventionalCavitationFocused ultrasoundMR ImagingNanoparticlesTranscranial

Identifiers

PMID41794603
PMCPMC13211878

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.