Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41794593›Full record

ArticleChinese journal of traumatology = Zhonghua chuang shang za zhi2026

A nomogram for assessing the risk of deep vein thrombosis following surgery for pilon fractures.

Peiyuan Wang, Chengsi Li, Zihang Zhao, Yiran Li, Shuo Yang, Lin Liu, Kuo Zhao, Zhiang Zhang, Lin Jin, Wei Chen and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Chinese journal of traumatology = Zhonghua chuang shang za zhi, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Peiyuan WangOrthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China.
Chengsi LiOrthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China.
Zihang ZhaoOrthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China.
Yiran LiOrthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China.
Shuo YangOrthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China.
Lin LiuOrthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China.
Kuo ZhaoOrthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China.
Zhiang ZhangOrthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China.
Lin JinOrthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China.
Wei ChenOrthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China.
Zhiyong HouOrthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Intelligent Orthopaedic Equipment (The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University), Shijiazhuang, 050051, China. Electronic address: drzyhou@gmail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeDeep vein thrombosis (DVT) can occur following fractures of the lower extremities. This study investigated DVT incidence following pilon fractures and analyzed the related risk factors. A nomogram was developed and validated for predicting the likelihood of postoperative DVT.

methodsFrom January 2017 to January 2023, data on 1689 patients with pilon fractures at Hebei Medical University's Third Hospital was obtained for this study. The DVT group consisted of DVT cases, while members of the non-DVT group did not have DVT. In order to collect information on demographics, comorbidities, injuries, and laboratory biomarkers, the inpatient medical record system was consulted. The multivariate logistic regression analysis incorporated factors found to be significant (p < 0.05) in the univariate analysis. Independent factors predictive of DVT were identified with a backward stepwise regression approach. Predictors were analyzed in R with the construction of a nomogram.

resultsThe DVT rate (166 of 1238) in the current study was 13.4%. Using univariate analysis, several DVT predictors were identified, including smoking history (p < 0.001), open fracture (p = 0.001), fracture blister (p < 0.001), body mass index (BMI) (p < 0.001), and Elixhauser comorbidity index (ECI) (p < 0.001). Furthermore, globulin levels were considerably greater in the DVT group relative to the non-DVT group (p = 0.001), while platelets counts were lower (p < 0.001). Higher BMI (p < 0.001, odds ratio (OR) = 0.837, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.763 - 0.919)), open fracture (p < 0.01, odd ratio (OR) = 0.431, 95% CI (0.286 - 0.649)), fracture blister (p = 0.018, OR = 0.589, 95% CI (0.380 - 0.912)), smoking history (p = 0.011, OR = 0.561, 95% CI (0.360 - 0.874)), and a higher ECI (p < 0.001, OR = 0.776, 95% CI (0.681 - 0.884)) were all strongly associated with DVT, as per the stepwise logistic regression analysis. Five variables independently linked to DVT were the basis for developing the nomogram.

conclusionsThe present research indicates that pilon fractures are more susceptible to DVT than typical ankle fractures, attributed to their high-energy injury characteristics. It was found that BMI, the existence of an open fracture, the lack of blisters, a smoking history, and ECI are independently predictive of DVT following surgery in pilon fracture cases. Consequently, the current study developed a nomogram based on these discovered indicators to facilitate early targeted interventions.

Indexed as

NomogramsPostoperative ComplicationsTibial FracturesVenous ThrombosisAdultBody Mass IndexFemaleHumansIncidenceLogistic ModelsMaleMiddle AgedRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsSmokingDeep vein thrombosisNomogramPilon fracturePredictors

Identifiers

PMID41794593
PMCPMC13453619

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.