Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41793641›Full record

ArticlePharmacoEconomics2026

Cost-Effectiveness of Immunising Interventions to Reduce Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease Burden in Infants in Australia.

Julian B Carlin, Adrian J Marcato, Cyan Yingying Wang, Robert Moss, Kylie S Carville, Xinghui Chen, Victoria L Oliver, Violeta Spirkoska, Patricia T Campbell, David J Price and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PharmacoEconomics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Julian B CarlinDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. julian.carlin@unimelb.edu.au.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5694-0809
Adrian J MarcatoDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5951-6886
Cyan Yingying WangMelbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7657-1200
Robert MossMelbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4568-2012
Kylie S CarvilleDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3663-8802
Xinghui ChenDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6041-2993
Victoria L OliverMelbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7023-5329
Violeta SpirkoskaDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0600-4569
Patricia T CampbellDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4013-9835
David J PriceDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0076-3123
Natalie CarvalhoMelbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5599-2209
Jodie McVernonDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9774-1961

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTwo immunising products are emerging to prevent the burden of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in infants: long-lasting monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and maternal vaccines given during pregnancy (MV). This study assesses the potential cost-effectiveness of programs involving each product to help inform policy decisions related to their implementation in the Australian context.

methodsWe developed an individual-based dynamic transmission model of RSV infection, linked to a clinical pathways model and cost-effectiveness model. We modelled key scenarios exploring varying eligibility and coverage of immunisation products for at-risk and not-at-risk populations, in addition to sensitivity analyses of immunisation characteristics, program costs and the impact of potential under-ascertainment of RSV burden. We estimated the cost-effectiveness of each program from a health system perspective, with results presented as incremental cost-effectiveness ratios in terms of cost per quality-adjusted life year gained (QALY).

resultsWe found a combined program in which administration of MV during pregnancy is supplemented with a birth-dose of mAbs for newborns born without protection from MV is likely to be cost-saving, compared with the status quo of no MV or mAbs delivered. This program averted on average 41% of infant hospitalisations per year and reduced QALY losses by 33%.

conclusionsPrograms combining infant immunisation products are likely to significantly reduce the burden of RSV disease in Australia, and be cost-saving. However, their estimated impact and cost-effectiveness is strongly dependent on key assumptions (i) the consistency and completeness of ascertainment of disease burden over time; (ii) the cost of a hospitalisation and immunising dose; (iii) the efficacy and durability of protection of the modelled products; and (iv) the timing and coverage of the immunisation delivery.

Indexed as

Antibodies, MonoclonalRespiratory Syncytial Virus InfectionsRespiratory Syncytial Virus VaccinesAustraliaCost-Benefit AnalysisCost-Effectiveness AnalysisFemaleHumansImmunization ProgramsInfantInfant, NewbornPregnancyQuality-Adjusted Life YearsAntibodies, MonoclonalRespiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines

Identifiers

PMID41793641
PMCPMC13186865

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.