ArticleInternational journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics2026
Prenatal sonographic spectrum and first-trimester diagnostic features of Ebstein anomaly: A descriptive case series.
Article in International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThis descriptive case series aimed to delineate the prenatal sonographic spectrum of Ebstein anomaly (EA) across all trimesters, analyze common diagnostic pitfalls, and propose systematic imaging clues for first-trimester detection.
methodsIn this retrospective study, 40 fetuses with EA were included. A standardized echocardiographic protocol integrating transvaginal imaging for the first trimester (n = 7) and multiplanar analysis for the second and third trimesters (n = 33) was applied. Key morphological and functional parameters were documented.
resultsThe sonographic spectrum ranged from mild forms with isolated leaflet displacement to severe forms with marked cardiomegaly. In the first trimester, severe cases presented with a recognizable tetrad: (1) leftward cardiac axis deviation (>65°), (2) right atrial enlargement, (3) shortened/displaced septal leaflet with elongated anterior leaflet, and (4) severe low-origin tricuspid regurgitation. Common diagnostic challenges included isolated posterior leaflet displacement, hemodynamic confounders, and confusion with other right heart anomalies.
conclusionThis study describes the detailed prenatal sonographic spectrum of EA and proposes a structured imaging workflow. The identified first-trimester features may serve as preliminary clues for early detection of severe cases, although their diagnostic accuracy requires validation in prospective studies. These findings underscore the importance of a systematic, multiplanar examination to minimize diagnostic errors.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.