Trial reportBMC pulmonary medicine2026
Effects of combined inspiratory muscle training and positive expiratory pressure therapy on pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength, exercise capacity and dyspnea in stable group E COPD patients.
Trial report in BMC pulmonary medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07001462 (Effects of Combined Inspiratory Muscle Training and Positive Expiratory Pressure Therapy on Pulmonary Function, Respiratory Muscle Strength, Exercise Capacity and Dyspnea in Stable Group E COPD Patients), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The trial behind it
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Effects of Combined Inspiratory Muscle Training and Positive Expiratory Pressure Therapy on Pulmonary Function, Respiratory Muscle Strength, Exercise Capacity and Dyspnea in Stable Group E COPD Patients
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundInspiratory muscle training combined with positive expiratory pressure (IMT/PEP) may improve outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but evidence in exacerbation‑prone (Group E) disease is limited. We evaluated the effects of IMT/PEP on pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength, exercise capacity, and dyspnea in stable Group E COPD.
methodsIn this prospective randomized controlled trial, 62 stable Group E COPD patients were enrolled from June 2023 to September 2024 and randomized to IMT/PEP plus standard care or standard care alone. Pulmonary function tests, maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), six‑minute walk test (6MWT), oxygen saturation (SpO₂), and dyspnea scales (mMRC, CAT, MBS, VAS) were assessed at baseline, 1 month, and 3 months.
resultsAt 1 month, compared with controls, the IMT/PEP group showed greater improvements in FEV₁/FVC, FEV₁, and FVC (all p < 0.001), a smaller increase in RV/TLC (p < 0.001), and higher SpO₂ and 6MWT distance (both p < 0.001); MIP also increased (p = 0.01). By 3 months, FEV₁/FVC (p = 0.02), FEV₁ (L and % predicted; p = 0.01 and p = 0.04), FVC (L and % predicted; p = 0.04), and MEF25–75% (p = 0.01) were higher and RV/TLC was lower (p = 0.01) in the IMT/PEP group; MIP increased in absolute and % predicted terms (p = 0.001 and p = 0.002), whereas MEP did not change significantly. SpO₂ and 6MWT increased (both p < 0.001), and MBS, mMRC, VAS, and CAT scores decreased (p < 0.001 for each). In multivariable analyses, greater ΔMIP was associated with lower baseline MIP (p < 0.001), lower baseline 6MWT (p = 0.033), lower baseline VAS (p = 0.016), and higher baseline MEP (p = 0.001).
conclusionsIn stable Group E COPD, adjunct IMT/PEP improved pulmonary function (FEV₁, FVC, FEV₁/FVC, MEF25–75%, RV/TLC), inspiratory muscle strength, oxygenation, and exercise capacity and reduced dyspnea over 3 months; benefits were most pronounced in patients with lower baseline inspiratory strength and limited functional capacity.
trial registrationRegistered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT07001462) on 3 June 2025. Retrospectively registered.
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