Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41792510›Full record

ArticleBritish journal of cancer2026

Investigating PAK inhibition in combination with PD-1 blockade to enhance cytotoxic CD8+ T cell-mediated killing and suppress invasion of ovarian cancer cells.

Alexandria R Mitchell, Yiran Chen, Giuseppe Pugliese, Gabriela Vino Flores, David M Davies, John Maher, Claire M Wells

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in British journal of cancer, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Alexandria R MitchellComprehensive Cancer Centre, King's College London, London, UK.
Yiran ChenComprehensive Cancer Centre, King's College London, London, UK.
Giuseppe PuglieseLeucid Bio, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4170-6424
Gabriela Vino FloresComprehensive Cancer Centre, King's College London, London, UK.
David M DaviesComprehensive Cancer Centre, King's College London, London, UK.
John MaherComprehensive Cancer Centre, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8275-8488
Claire M WellsComprehensive Cancer Centre, King's College London, London, UK. claire.wells@kcl.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1926-6282

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundP-21 activated kinase (PAK) overexpression, phosphorylation, and gene amplification have been reported to increase cellular invasion in ovarian cancer (ovcan), worsening patient prognoses. One notable method of ovcan survival is through the PD-(L)1 checkpoint pathway, and PD-L1 expression in ovcan is correlated with poor patient outcomes. However, PD-1 and PD-L1 targeted clinical trials in ovcan have shown modest results. This work has examined the possibility of using PAKi and PD-1 blockade as a combination therapy.

methodsPAK and PD-L1 expression in ovarian cells was determined. A novel 3D spheroid assay was used to assess ovcan invasion. Ovcan cell viability, downstream pathway signalling, and surface PD-L1 expression were evaluated after treatment with PAK inhibitors and co-culture with cytotoxic CD8

resultsOvcan cells showed significant sensitivity to PAKi. CD8 DISCUSSION: The work presented here demonstrates the efficacy of PAK inhibition and PD-1 checkpoint blockade as a combination therapy for high-grade serous ovarian cancer.

Indexed as

Immune Checkpoint InhibitorsOvarian Neoplasmsp21-Activated KinasesProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorT-Lymphocytes, CytotoxicB7-H1 AntigenCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesCell Line, TumorCell SurvivalFemaleHumansNeoplasm InvasivenessProtein Kinase InhibitorsB7-H1 AntigenCD274 protein, humanImmune Checkpoint Inhibitorsp21-Activated KinasesPAK1 protein, humanPDCD1 protein, humanProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorProtein Kinase Inhibitors

Identifiers

PMID41792510
PMCPMC13079780

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.