The microbiome of interstitial cystitis revealed by 2bRAD-M.

Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a chronic, female-prone, multifactorial bladder disorder characterized by symptoms such as suprapubic pain, urinary urgency, frequency, and pelvic discomfort, often exacerbated by bladder filling and associated with urothelial dysfunction and inflammation, while the etiology of IC/BPS remains largely unknown. This study was conducted by performing 2bRAD sequencing for Microbiome (2bRAD-M) on bladder tissue samples to investigate the microbial community distribution characteristics of bladder tissues in patients with IC/BPS. The study recruited a total of 11 patients with IC/BPS. The lesion and surrounding normal tissue were collected from each patient. DNA was extracted, and the genomes of various microorganisms in the tissue were digested using IIB restriction endonucleases. The unique tags were subjected to microbial qualitative and relative quantitative analysis. A total of 118 bacteria and 2 fungi were detected in 22 samples from 11 patients diagnosed with IC/BPS. Microbial diversity was similar in bladder lesion tissue and surrounding normal tissue. The microbial composition of the bladder tissues was similar, with 3 microorganisms, namely Mycobacterium_tuberculosis, Ralstonia_sp000620465 and Klebsiella_pneumoniae, detected in all tissues. At the species level, Escherichia_coli, Bacillus_A_bombysepticus and Chlamydophila_abortus were the dominant species. 2 microorganisms (Sphingopyxis and Rhizobiaceae) were enriched in the lesion tissue, while Acetobacteraceae and Porphyromonas were enriched in the normal tissue from patients with IC/BPS. This study preliminarily depicted the microbial panorama of bladder tissues from IC/BPS patients using the 2bRAD-M technique, revealing the distribution of microorganisms associated with the disease and possible differences, providing new perspectives and research directions for subsequent studies on the pathogenesis and progression of IC/BPS.