Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41790271›Full record

Trial reportOral and maxillofacial surgery2026

The true benefit of the regional block in orthognathic surgery lies in the preemptive effect.

David Harmicar, Margita Belušić, Ana Goleš Juriša, Željko Župan, Arijan Zubović, Robert Cerović

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Oral and maxillofacial surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07133048 (Evaluation of Regional Blocks Efficacy in Orthognathic Surgery), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07133048 nacompletednot on this map

Evaluation of Regional Blocks Efficacy in Orthognathic Surgery

TypeinterventionalSponsorClinical Hospital Center RijekaRan2020 to 2023Enrolled72ConditionsAnesthesiaArmsLevobupivakain 0.25 %, NaCl 0.9 %
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

David HarmicarDepartment for maxillofacial surgery, CHC Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia. david.harmicar@uniri.hr.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3994-3340
Margita BelušićDepartment for maxillofacial surgery, CHC Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3647-2021
Ana Goleš JurišaDepartment of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, CHC Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
Željko ŽupanDepartment of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, CHC Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4576-7961
Arijan ZubovićDepartment for maxillofacial surgery, CHC Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6888-4496
Robert CerovićDepartment for maxillofacial surgery, CHC Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1831-4422

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThe objective of this study was to ascertain the actual benefits of regional analgesia in orthognathic surgery and to evaluate the influence of psychosocial factors on the outcomes.

methodsThis study assessed the efficacy of pre-emptive analgesic blocks in orthognathic surgery. The sample comprised 74 patients, who were randomly assigned to two groups. The first group, following the induction of general anesthesia, received maxillary and mandibular blocks with 0.5% levobupivacaine at a dosage of 5 ml per block. The second group served as the control group and received an equivalent volume of saline solution at the block injection sites. The primary hypothesis states that regional analgesia in orthognathic surgery enhances both intraoperative and postoperative analgesia. Various psychological questionnaires, pain scales, and postoperative recovery assessment tools were employed in the study.

resultsParticipants who received the analgesic block required significantly fewer postoperative analgesics compared to those in the placebo group. Additionally, participants in the experimental group reported substantially lower Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores than those in the control group. Participants experiencing less intense pain reported a higher quality of recovery and an improved quality of life.

conclusionsIn conclusion, the administration of pre-emptive regional nerve blocks using 0.5% levobupivacaine has been demonstrated to be effective in reducing intraoperative analgesic requirements, minimizing postoperative pain, and limiting the need for postoperative analgesics. The study was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov (registration No. NCT07133048, Principal Investigator: David Harmicar, registration date: August 19, 2025).

Indexed as

Anesthetics, LocalLevobupivacaineNerve BlockOrthognathic Surgical ProceduresPostoperative PainAdultBupivacaineFemaleHumansMalePain MeasurementQuality of LifeTreatment OutcomeYoung AdultAnesthetics, LocalBupivacaineLevobupivacaine

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.