ArticleOphthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)2026
The Limitations on Vergence Responses to Naturalistic Images Resulting From Simulated Central Scotomas and Defocused Peripheral Retina.
Article in Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Exploring emotion identification and categorisation in simulated central vision loss: an event-related potential study.BMJ open ophthalmology · 2026Article
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Abstract
purposeClinical visual disorders are associated with interocular suppression and scotomas of the central visual field. The goal of this study was to understand the ability of the peripheral retina to drive reflex vergence responses in the presence of refractive defocus.
methodsVergence responses to steps in horizontal disparity were recorded from functionally emmetropic adults (15-51 years of age) viewing grayscale outdoor natural images. Mean luminance central scotomas of 0°-25° radius in 5° steps were simulated in Experiment 1. In a second experiment, bilateral (1.50 D and 3.00 D) or unilateral (0, 0.75 D, 1.50 D, 2.25 D and 3.00 D) defocus, computed for each participant's pupil size, was simulated with scotoma radii of 0°, 5°, 8° and 10°.
resultsVergence responses to these disparity steps demonstrated a stereotypical tuning function in the absence of scotomas or defocus. In Experiment 1, bilateral scotoma radii of 10° or more led to significant decreases in open-loop vergence response amplitude (p < 0.001 for all). In Experiment 2, there were significant reductions in open-loop vergence responses resulting from unilateral (p < 0.001) but not bilateral defocus (p = 0.93). The effect of radius was significant, with no effect of bilateral versus unilateral scotoma format.
conclusionThese data characterise the ability of the peripheral retina to maintain eye alignment for naturalistic images in the presence of central scotomas or suppression, and defocus. They suggest that vergence performance is reduced for natural images with bilateral and unilateral central scotomas, and indicate a need for refractive correction of anisometropia >1.50 D in order for the peripheral retina to support vergence function fully.
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