Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41789093›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in immunology2026

Targeting regulated cell death pathways in lung cancer: mechanisms, therapeutic strategies, and clinical translation.

Fangsu Xue, Jiacheng Sun, Jitai Zhang, Yuntian Shen

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Fangsu Xue *Department of Respiration, Binhai County People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China.
Jiacheng Sun *Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Neuroregeneration, Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Medical School of Nantong University, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.
Jitai ZhangJiangsu Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Neuroregeneration, Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Medical School of Nantong University, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.
Yuntian ShenJiangsu Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Neuroregeneration, Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Medical School of Nantong University, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Lung cancer is the leading cause of global cancer mortality, with treatment efficacy limited by high heterogeneity, drug resistance, and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Focusing primarily on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), this review systematically analyzes eight key regulated cell death (RCD) pathways in lung cancer. These pathways are apoptosis, autophagy, necroptosis, ferroptosis, cuproptosis, pyroptosis, immunogenic cell death (ICD), and lysosome-dependent cell death (LDCD). Mechanistic dissection reveals complex crosstalk and a dynamic equilibrium among these pathways. For instance, apoptosis escape via EGFR/PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling promotes survival, while autophagy exhibits a context-dependent dual role regulated by factors such as RBBP4 and the AURKA-CXCL5 axis. Importantly, several RCD pathways exert potent immunomodulatory functions. Necroptosis activates T cells by releasing damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), while ferroptosis enhances NK cell cytotoxicity through GPX4 inactivation. Regarding therapeutic advances, synergistic strategies show promise, such as berberine with EGFR-TKIs inducing apoptosis via EGFR degradation, and (-)-Guaiol triggering ICD to synergize with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. Novel inducers, including Auranofin (ferroptosis), TMEM100 agonists (necroptosis), and cuproptosis nanomedicines (e.g., DE-Cu

Indexed as

Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell LungLung NeoplasmsRegulated Cell DeathAnimalsCuproptosisFerroptosisHumansNecroptosisSignal TransductionTranslational Research, BiomedicalTumor Microenvironmentdrug resistance mechanismslung cancerregulated cell deathtargeted therapytumor microenvironment

Identifiers

PMID41789093
PMCPMC12957166

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.