Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41789025›Full record

ArticleJournal of pregnancy2026

Epidemiology and Associated Factors of Superimposed Preeclampsia in Pregnant Women With Chronic Hypertension: A Retrospective Multicenter Cohort Study.

Anya Han-Idhikul, Kiattisak Kongwattanakul, Ratana Komwilaisak, Piyamas Saksiriwuttho, Sukanya Chaiyarach, Chatuporn Duangkam, Sathida Chantanavilai, Kaewjai Thepsuthammarat

Abstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of pregnancy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Anya Han-IdhikulDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, kku.ac.th.
Kiattisak KongwattanakulDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, kku.ac.th.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5062-7328
Ratana KomwilaisakDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, kku.ac.th.
Piyamas SaksiriwutthoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, kku.ac.th.
Sukanya ChaiyarachDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, kku.ac.th.
Chatuporn DuangkamDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, kku.ac.th.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6741-1347
Sathida ChantanavilaiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Khon Kaen Hospital, Khon Kaen, Thailand, kkh.go.th.
Kaewjai ThepsuthammaratClinical Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, kku.ac.th.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objectives: The objective of the study is To to determine the incidence of superimposed preeclampsia among pregnant women with chronic hypertension and associated factors of superimposed preeclampsia:preeclampsia. Material and Methods: A retrospective multicenter cohort study was conducted at Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen University, and Khon Kaen hospitalHospital, Thailand, involving women who were admitted between November 1, 2017, to and October 31, 2022. The pregnant women who had been diagnosed with chronic hypertension were identified and their medical records were reviewed for incidence of superimposed preeclampsia. Various characteristics were examined to compare maternal complications, perinatal outcomes, and associated factors. Logisticfactors.Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with superimposed preeclampsia. Results: There was a total of 33,018 deliveries during the study period, out of which 406 (1.2%) women with chronic hypertension were identified. Superimposed preeclampsia occurred in 199 women, accounting for a rate of 49.0% (95% confidence interval; [CI] 44.1-53.9). One hundred and nineteen women (59.8%) were diagnosed with superimposed preeclampsia with severe features, and 80 (40.2%) without severe features. A mean arterial pressure (MAP) ≥100≥ 100 mmHg during pregnancy, the requirement of two or more antihypertensive agents, and a history of previous preeclampsia were significantly associated with an increased risk of superimposed preeclampsia (adjusted odds ratio; [OR] 9.97, 95% CI95%CI 5.95 - 16.71, adjusted OR 2.31, 95% CI95%CI 1.30 - 4.12, and adjusted OR 4.52, 95% CI95%CI 1.86 - 10.98, respectively). Conclusion: Approximately half of the women with chronic hypertension developed superimposed preeclampsia. MAP ≥ 100 mmHg, the requirement of two or more antihypertensive agents, and a history of previous preeclampsia might be useful tools for predicting superimposed preeclampsia.

Indexed as

HypertensionPre-EclampsiaAdultAntihypertensive AgentsChronic DiseaseFemaleHumansIncidencePregnancyRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsThailandAntihypertensive Agentschronic hypertensionepidemiologyexpectant managementneonatal outcomeperinatal outcomepreeclampsiasevere features

Identifiers

PMID41789025
PMCPMC12957768

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.