ArticleJournal of ginseng research2026
Ginsenoside Rg1 ameliorates the senescence and neurite injury of retinal ganglion cells in DR via targeting VDR and promoting mitochondrial biogenesis.
Article in Journal of ginseng research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Terpenoids as Emerging Senotherapeutics: Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Potential.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Identification and analysis of oxidative stress-related genes associated with the occurrence and development of diabetic retinopathy.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Nanoparticle-Mediated Lutein Delivery for Diabetic Retinopathy: From Blood-Retinal Barrier Crossing to Neurovascular Unit Protection.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Injury of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) is one of the earliest signs of diabetic retinopathy (DR), preceding retinal microvascular abnormalities. Driven by metabolic and biochemical cascades, diabetes-dependent senescence in the retinal neural cells is responsible for neurodegeneration and subsequent permanent visual loss. This study investigated the involvement of ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) in neuropathy associated with DR to identify a possible therapeutic target. Methods: The anti-aging and synaptogenesis effects, and neuroprotective mechanism of Rg1 were investigated in high glucose-induced RGCs and STZ-induced DR mice. Results: Rg1 effectively reduced the β-galactosidase activity, promoted the neurite outgrowth, and reversed the expression of senescence and synaptic development-related proteins. Mechanistically, the compromised mitochondrial biogenesis induced by hyperglycaemia manifested as a critical driver of functional and structural impairments in RGCs. Meanwhile, Rg1 interacts with VDR to potentiate transcription of PGC-1α via the VDR/cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway. Activation of PGC-1α by Rg1 revitalized hyperglycaemia-hampered mitochondrial biogenesis, and resultantly alleviated senescence and neurite outgrowth inhibition of RGCs both Conclusion: Rg1 ameliorates neuropathy of DR by activating VDR non-genomic pathway and facilitating mitochondrial biogenesis. These results suggest a therapeutic approach for mitigating neurodegeneration in early DR, and provide insights into the potential clinical application of VDR agonism with Rg1 in regulating mitochondrial quality control.
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