Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41788429›Full record

Trial reportPain research & management2026

Appropriate Combination of Nalbuphine Combined With Esketamine for Weakly Opioid Anesthesia in Postlaparoscopic Cholecystectomy Analgesia: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Mengyun Zhang, Hao Wu, Han Zheng, Jing Zhang, Jiaxuan Wang, Hong Luo, Heng Yang

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Pain research & management, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Trial
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Mengyun ZhangDepartment of Anaesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, 230061, Anhui, China, ciss.org.cn.
Hao WuDepartment of Anaesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, 230061, Anhui, China, ciss.org.cn.
Han ZhengDepartment of Anaesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, 230061, Anhui, China, ciss.org.cn.
Jing ZhangDepartment of Anaesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, 230061, Anhui, China, ciss.org.cn.
Jiaxuan WangDepartment of Anaesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, 230061, Anhui, China, ciss.org.cn.
Hong LuoDepartment of Anaesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, 230061, Anhui, China, ciss.org.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2146-5325
Heng YangDepartment of Anaesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, 230061, Anhui, China, ciss.org.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7160-5400

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Context: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) often leads to abdominal wall incision pain, visceral pain, and shoulder and neck pain after surgery. Nalbuphine provides strong sedative and analgesic effects with minimal risk of adverse reactions. Esketamine, with its higher receptor affinity, significantly alleviates both visceral and somatic pain. Objectives: Our objective was to establish the optimal dosage of nalbuphine with esketamine for patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) following LC, enhancing postoperative pain management for these patients. Methods: This research employs a single-blind, randomized controlled trial methodology. Surgical patients were randomly assigned to three groups based on postoperative PCIA drug combinations: Group N received nalbuphine 2 mg·kg Results: Compared to the N group, VAS scores and resting pain scores were substantially lower in the NE Conclusion: The combination of nalbuphine (2 mg kg Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: ChiCTR2400088373.

Indexed as

Analgesics, OpioidCholecystectomy, LaparoscopicNalbuphinePostoperative PainAdultAnalgesia, Patient-ControlledDrug Therapy, CombinationFemaleHumansKetamineMaleMiddle AgedPain MeasurementSingle-Blind MethodAnalgesics, OpioidEsketamineKetamineNalbuphineesketaminelaparoscopic cholecystectomynalbuphinepatient-controlled intravenous analgesia

Identifiers

PMID41788429
PMCPMC12957776

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.