ArticleBMC pediatrics2026
Balance and physical activity in teenagers and young adults with cochlear implants: a Swedish cohort study.
Article in BMC pediatrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundVestibular function is a key component of balance and motor control, together with hearing for spatial orientation. Vestibular impairment is often present in case of childhood deafness, which is frequently resolved with cochlear implant (CI). With this study, we aimed to explore (1) the relation between balance, physical activity and vestibular function in teenagers and young adults since infancy (TAYACI), (2) the influence on balance with CI on vs. off, and (3) balance tests’ possibility to screen vestibular impairment in paediatric standard care.
methods41 TAYACI, aged 12–22, and 20 normal hearing (NH) peers participated. Vestibular function was assessed with Video Head Impulse Test (vHIT). Balance was tested with the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOT-2) balance subtest, Kids Balance Evaluation Systems Test (Kids-BESTest) sections Sensory Orientation and Reactive Postural Responses, and a test of walking 10 m with head turns (10mW). Self-reported questionnaires were used to report experience of balance and physical activity.
resultsvHIT ascertained vestibular impairment in 49% of TAYACI; balance was inferior in TAYACI compared to NH with lower scores on BOT2 subtest: mean (sd) 8.3 (4.0) vs. 15.1 (4.0) (p < 0.001), and on Kids-BESTest section Sensory Orientation: median (min, max) 13 (13–15) vs. 15 (15–15) (p < 0.001). Screening properties for vestibular impairment were found for BOT-2 balance subtest (AUC = 0.947; best score cut off: 9/25 – sensitivity: 100%, specificity: 89.7%), and singular items, especially BOT9 (standing on one leg on a balance beam with eyes closed) (AUC = 0.92, best cut off: 2.8/10 seconds – sensitivity:100% specificity:74%). None of the tests could distinguish between subjects with bilateral vestibular impairment or unilateral vestibular impairment, nor between TAYACI and NH with normal vestibular function. The CI activity (on/off) did not affect balance tests. 40% of TAYACI reported inferior balance than NH peers, but they were equally physically active.
conclusionvestibular impairment is prevalent in TAYACI and represents an important determinant for balance skills. Standing on one leg on a balance beam with eyes closed is an accessible test to screen for vestibular impairment in children. Physical activity was comparable between TAYACI and NH peers.
trial registrationNCT 07079488.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.