ArticleBMC microbiology2026
Tuberculosis transmission and resistance among Ukrainian migrants and its impact on multidrug-resistant tuberculosis dynamics in high-influx host countries.
Article in BMC microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Alarming levels of fluoroquinolone resistance among MDR-TB patients in Poland: molecular and phenotypic analysis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
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Abstract
backgroundThe war in Ukraine triggered unprecedented migration into Central Europe, raising concerns regarding tuberculosis (TB) spread.
methodsWe conducted a molecular-epidemiological study including all Ukrainian migrants with culture-confirmed TB in Slovakia and the Czech Republic between September 2021 and December 2024 (n = 229), together with all other multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB cases reported in these countries between 2023 and 2024 (n = 28). Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed on cultured Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) isolates, and the resulting data were used for phylogenetic reconstruction, lineage classification, genomic resistance prediction, and cluster analysis.
findingsSince the war began in 2022, the share of TB cases from Ukrainian migrants in the Czech Republic rose significantly (P < 0.001), along with an evident increase in total MDR-TB cases. Out of 199 MTBC strains from Ukrainian migrants with good-quality WGS data, 129 (64.8%) were predicted to be susceptible, 25 MDR (12.6%), 8 pre-extensively drug-resistant (pre-XDR; 4%), and 37 (18.6%) had other resistance patterns including bedaquiline/clofazimine monoresistance. Among MDR/pre-XDR strains (n = 59) lineage 2 predominated (63.5%), mainly belonging to the Central Asia clades (45.0%) and the Europe/Russian W148 outbreak clone (52.9%), followed by lineage 4 (28.9%). Cluster analysis (5 allele threshold) identified 10 MDR/pre-XDR TB clusters, each with two isolates. Only one of those clusters included a Ukrainian migrant and non-Ukrainian patient from the host country.
conclusionMigration increased both, the TB and MDR-TB burden especially in the Czech Republic. Transmission of imported MTBC strains from migrants to host populations appears to be limited, but needs to be closely monitered prospectively.
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