ArticleInternational neurourology journal2026
Effect of Music on Pain, Embarrassment, and Urodynamic Outcomes During Urodynamic Testing: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Article in International neurourology journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effect of Acupressure on Anxiety, Embarrassment, and Procedural Fear in Patients Undergoing Urodynamic Testing: Randomized Controlled Study.Neurourology and urodynamics · 2026Trial
- Urodynamic Study Revisited: An Evolving Tool in Functional Urology.International neurourology journal · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThis study investigated whether music affected pain, embarrassment, and urodynamic outcomes during invasive urodynamic testing.
methodsIn this randomized controlled trial, 94 patients were assigned to a music group (n=49) or a control group (n=45). Patients in the music group listened to slow-tempo classical instrumental music at 40-60 dB, whereas those in the control group received standard care. The primary outcome was procedural pain, which was measured using a visual analogue scale at 3 stages: uroflowmetry, positioning on the examination table, and catheter insertion. Secondary outcomes included embarrassment and objective urodynamic parameters. Nonparametric methods were used because of the data distribution.
resultsThe music group reported lower pain during uroflowmetry (T1; P=0.022) and positioning on the examination table (T2; P=0.041), although the absolute reductions were small. Pain did not differ significantly between groups during catheter insertion (T3). No significant between-group differences were found in embarrassment or urodynamic parameters (P>0.05).
conclusionMusic may modestly reduce pain during some stages of invasive urodynamic testing, but it did not affect embarrassment or urodynamic outcomes. Because it is simple, safe, and low cost, music may be a useful supportive nursing intervention to improve patient comfort, although its clinical effect appears limited.
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