ArticleFrontiers in neurology
Ultrasonographic changes in lower extremity tendon thickness after stroke rehabilitation and their associations with balance and functional outcomes.
Article in Frontiers in neurology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: Peripheral musculoskeletal structures may undergo secondary changes after stroke, but tendon-specific adaptations and their relationship with functional recovery are not well defined. This study examined lower extremity tendon thickness in patients with post-stroke hemiplegia before and after a four-week inpatient rehabilitation program and explored associations between tendon thickness and clinical improvement. Methods: In this prospective observational study, 45 patients with post-stroke hemiplegia completed a four-week rehabilitation program. Quadriceps, patellar, Achilles tendon and plantar fascia thicknesses were measured bilaterally at baseline and post-treatment using ultrasonography. Clinical assessments included the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Functional Ambulation Classification (FAC), Barthel Index, Brunnstrom stages and Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS). Fifteen healthy volunteers served as controls (single assessment). Continuous variables are presented as mean ± SD when approximately normally distributed and as median (IQR) otherwise; Results: Paretic-side quadriceps tendon thickness (primary outcome) increased from 5.94 ± 0.96 to 6.48 ± 0.95 mm ( Discussion: Lower-extremity tendon morphology in post-stroke hemiplegia appeared dynamic over a 4-week inpatient rehabilitation period, with quadriceps tendon thickness broadly paralleling improvements in balance and functional independence. Larger, longer-term studies are needed to clarify clinical utility.
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