Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41783467›Full record

ArticleClinical psychology in Europe2026

Conducting Behavioural Experiments Using an App-Based Self-Help Program for Social Anxiety Disorder (SMASH): Outcomes of a Quasi-Experimental Pre-Post Pilot Trial.

Johanna S Schüller, Jacob Kujat, Jan M Schittenhelm, Ronja von Rechenberg, Antonia Čerič, Jürgen Hoyer, Ulrich Stangier

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical psychology in Europe, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Johanna S Schüller *Department for Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0000-4522
Jacob Kujat *Mindable Health GmbH, Berlin, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4134-0821
Jan M SchittenhelmDepartment for Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4478-5036
Ronja von RechenbergInstitute for Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Antonia ČeričDepartment for Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9456-2443
Jürgen HoyerInstitute for Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1697-6732
Ulrich StangierDepartment for Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1945-1704

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) is a prevalent mental disorder characterised by fear of negative evaluation. Although effective treatment approaches are available, access remains limited due to psychological and organisational barriers. Internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy (iCBT) has shown promising results and may facilitate an easy and more resource-efficient access to treatment. Method: We developed an app-based self-help intervention for SAD based on the Clark and Wells treatment program, implemented as an unguided smartphone application, which was evaluated in this quasi-experimental pre-post pilot study consisting of Results: Clinician- and self-reported SAD symptoms were significantly reduced at post-measurement (within-group effect sizes LSAS: η Conclusion: In conclusion, findings provide preliminary support for feasibility, acceptability, and potential effectiveness of

Indexed as

app-basedbehavioural experimentcognitive behavioural therapyiCBTmental healthself-helpsocial anxiety disorder

Identifiers

PMID41783467
PMCPMC12955303

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.