Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41783393›Full record

ArticleOrthopaedic journal of sports medicine2026

Return to Play and Performance After Shoulder Labral Repair in Major League Baseball Players.

Michael A Mastroianni, Morgan R Dillon, James Muscat, Kyle K Obana, Dongyeon J Kim, Andrew J Luzzi, Frank J Alexander, William N Levine, Christopher S Ahmad

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Michael A MastroianniDepartment of Orthopedics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8332-5131
Morgan R DillonUniversity at Buffalo Medical Doctors, Buffalo, New York, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5032-316X
James MuscatNew York Institute of Technology, New York, New York, USA. M.A.M. and M.R.D. contributed equally to this article.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2133-9249
Kyle K ObanaDepartment of Orthopedics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.
Dongyeon J KimDepartment of Orthopedics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0006-7964
Andrew J LuzziDepartment of Orthopedics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9714-3873
Frank J AlexanderDepartment of Orthopedics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.
William N LevineDepartment of Orthopedics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.
Christopher S AhmadDepartment of Orthopedics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Return to play (RTP) and return to performance (RTPf) after labral repair in Major League Baseball (MLB) athletes remain poorly defined. Modern advanced analytics allow for a more comprehensive evaluation of postoperative performance. Purpose: To evaluate RTP and RTPf using advanced analytic and ball-tracking metrics in MLB pitchers and position players after primary shoulder labral repair. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 67 MLB players (39 pitchers, 28 position players) who underwent labral repair between March 1, 2017, and December 1, 2024, were compared with 78 matched control pitchers and 56 matched control position players. RTP rates and timing were recorded for all players. RTPf analysis was performed for athletes with at least 2 seasons of complete pre- and postoperative advanced analytic data, resulting in 17 pitchers and 21 position players included as cases for RTPf analysis. Various traditional, advanced analytic, and ball-tracking metrics were analyzed for the first 2 seasons after return from injury and compared with the season prior to injury. For pitchers, these metrics included advanced analytics measuring the physical quality of pitches, command of the strike zone, and overall pitching ability. Unpaired and paired Results: Overall, 64.2% of all players returned to MLB play, with RTP rates for pitchers significantly lower (43.6% vs 92.9%; Conclusion: The prognosis after shoulder labral repair is highly dependent on player role in MLB. Position players generally returned to MLB (92.9%) and recovered baseline performance. In contrast, pitchers faced a guarded prognosis, with only 43.6% returning to MLB and requiring a significantly longer recovery period. For those pitchers who did return, traditional metrics such as velocity and movement were unchanged; however, advanced analytics showed a decline in pitch quality and command as well as reduced workloads and value.

Indexed as

advanced analyticsbaseballlabral tearlabrumMLBpitch-trackingshoulderSLAP

Identifiers

PMID41783393
PMCPMC12953945

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.