ArticleArchives of physiotherapy
The immediate effect of peripheral stimulation on cervical dystonia disease outcomes: single-case experimental design.
Article in Archives of physiotherapy. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: Limited cervical range of motion (CROM) and pain are among the most common symptoms of cervical dystonia (CD), which are treated with botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) injections. However, adjunctive interventions may offer additional benefit. Therefore, this study evaluated the immediate effects of peripheral stimulation comprising conventional transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), muscle stimulation (NMES), and muscle vibration on CROM and pain in patients with CD. Methods: A single-case experiment design (SCED), alternating treatment design was conducted with 19 CD patients, recruited at the Antwerp University Hospital (UZA). Participants randomly received conventional TENS, NMES and muscle vibration on three different days. Main outcome measures were CROM, measured using a 3D-stereophotogrammetric scanning system (3dMD Inc., GA, USA) and pain, quantified by Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Results: Mean age of participants was 59.87 ± 8.9 years. Baseline CROM for rotation ranged from 87 Conclusions: These findings suggest that peripheral stimulation may provide immediate symptomatic relief in CD, particularly for improving CROM and reducing pain. While promising, these results should be considered as exploratory and warrant further investigation in larger, controlled studies.
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