Factors associated with handgun carriage among U.S. adolescents, 2021-2022.

Marisa D Booty, Maggie K Richardson, Dylan B Jackson, Delvon T Mattingly

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Preventive medicine reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Marisa D BootyDepartment of Sociology, College of Arts & Sciences, University of Kentucky, 1549 Patterson Office Tower, Lexington, KY 40506, USA.

Maggie K RichardsonDepartment of Educational, School, & Counseling Psychology, College of Education, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA.

Dylan B JacksonDepartment of Population, Family, and Reproductive Health, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.

Delvon T MattinglyDepartment of Behavioral Science, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.

Funding

Examining the Impact of the Criminal Legal System on Opioid Use Disorder Treatment and Recovery: A Socioecological PerspectiveR36DA061317 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY · PI BOOTY, MARISA D. · 2024 to 2025

$103k

NIDA NIH HHS R36 DA061317

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: The rise in adolescent handgun carriage over the past decade represents a significant public health concern. Using nationally representative data, this study examines risk factors associated with handgun carriage among U.S. adolescents. Methods: We used data on adolescents aged 12-17 years from the 2021 and 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health ( Results: The average prevalence of adolescent past-year handgun carriage was 4.0%. Across age groups, past-year violence and selling illicit drugs were associated with handgun carriage. There was variation among age groups between substance use and handgun carriage; handgun carriage was associated with alcohol use in 12-13 year-olds (OR: 4.22, 95% CI: 1.50,11.88), and cannabis (OR: 2.04, 95% CI: 1.06,3.93) and illicit drug use (OR: 3.28, 95% CI: 1.11,9.68) in 14-15 year-olds. Suicidality was only associated with handgun carriage for ages 12-13 years (OR: 2.49, 95% CI: 1.29,4.79). Conclusions: Understanding risk factors of handgun carriage among different stages of adolescence can enhance preventive efforts aimed at reducing handgun carriage.

Indexed as

AdolescentFirearmsRisk factorsYouth

Identifiers

PMID41783007

DOI10.1016/j.pmedr.2026.103426

PMCPMC12955073

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.