ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026
Mechanisms underlying the role of TNF-α and IL-1β preconditioned exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in wound healing.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Research progress on functionalized stem cell therapy strategies in wound healing.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
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Abstract
Objective: In this study, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) were stimulated with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) to obtain preconditioned exosomes (Exos). Comparative miRNA profiling was performed between cytokine-primed Exos and conventionally cultured counterparts to identify differentially expressed miRNAs. Functional validation of candidate miRNAs will elucidate their mechanistic roles in promoting cutaneous repair, thereby advancing the clinical translation of Exos-based regenerative therapies. Methods: We successfully extracted and characterized hUC-MSCs derived Exos (hUCMSCs-Exos) and classified them into Exos obtained under normal culture conditions (Con-Exos) and those stimulated by TNF-α+IL-1β obtained Exos (TNF-α+IL-1β-Exos). The wound healing rate was observed and counted by establishing a mouse whole skin defect wound model Results: TNF-α+IL-1β-Exos accelerated wound healing more than Con-Exos, mainly by increasing collagen deposition and expression of the angiogenic marker CD31. Sequencing and bioinformatics analyses revealed that the key miRNA for both co-actions was miR-215-5p. Cellular experiments showed that miR-215-5p mimics promoted HUVECs tubulogenesis and proliferation, whereas the inhibitor effect was not significant. In animal experiments, miR-215-5p mimics also significantly accelerated wound healing in mice. Conclusion: TNF-α+IL-1β-Exos demonstrated superior wound healing efficacy compared to Con-Exos. This enhanced therapeutic effect may be attributed to the elevated expression of miR-215-5p in TNF-α+IL-1β-Exos. Mechanistically, miR-215-5p activates the
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