Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41782117›Full record

ArticleBMC oral health2026

Effect of simulated aging on the color stability and fracture resistance of lithium disilicate laminate veneers with different preparation designs.

Amr Rizk, Nouran Mahmoud, Ahmed Abdou, Sarah Omar

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in BMC oral health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Amr RizkProsthetic Dentistry Department, Fixed Prosthodontics Division, Faculty of Dentistry, King Salman International University, El-Tur, South Sinai, Egypt. amr.rizk@ksiu.edu.eg.
Nouran MahmoudDepartment of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Badr University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt.
Ahmed AbdouDepartment of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Sarah OmarDepartment of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Badr University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo evaluate and compare the effect of simulated aging on conventional lithium disilicate (LDS) and advanced lithium disilicate (ALD) computer-aided design-computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) glass ceramics on color stability and fracture resistance utilizing different veneer preparation designs. MATERIALS AND

methodsTwo prepared typodont maxillary right central incisors were replicated into forty epoxy resin dies, which were divided into 2 groups based on preparation design (n = 20): Group butt joint (BJ), and Group incisal overlap (IO). Each group was further subdivided into two equal sub-groups based on ceramic material (n = 10): e.max (IPS e.max CAD, Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein), and Tessera (Cerec Tessera, Dentsply Sirona, Hanau, Germany). After cementation of laminate veneers on the epoxy resin dies, color change and fracture resistance were evaluated before and after 10,000 cycles of thermal cycling. Two-way ANOVA was used to compare the materials and design on the mean color change. For fracture resistance, a three-way ANOVA was used to compare the materials, designs, and aging. Pairwise comparison was tested using independent t-test (α = 0.05).

resultsFor color change, Two-way ANOVA revealed that different materials, preparation designs and their interaction showed a non-significant effect on the ΔE

conclusionsWithin the limitations of this in vitro study, it was concluded that thermal cycling affected both color stability and fracture resistance of both tested materials. The color change for BJ for both materials was within the clinically accepted range. Both tested materials showed comparable mean fracture resistance before and after thermal cycling within the same preparation design. BJ showed significantly higher fracture resistance than IO before thermal cycling; however, the difference between the two tested preparation designs after thermal cycling was not significant. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Both materials (LDS and ALD) are clinically viable; however, preparation design has a greater impact on mechanical performance than on color stability. BJ performed better than IO for veneer preparation design.

Indexed as

Dental PorcelainDental Prosthesis DesignDental VeneersCeramicsColorComputer-Aided DesignDental Stress AnalysisHumansIncisorMaterials TestingSilicatesTime FactorsDental PorcelainGlass ceramicsIPS e.max CAD LTlithia disilicateSilicatesAdvanced lithium disilicate ceramicColor stabilityFracture resistanceLaminate veneersPreparation designsThermal cyclingVirgilite-containing lithium disilicate ceramic

Identifiers

PMID41782117
PMCPMC13063528

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.