Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41782076›Full record

ArticleMolecular horticulture2026

Seizing the key nodes in glabridin biosynthesis network: identification of enzymes for producing licorice hairy roots with high levels of glabridin.

Ningxin Jiang, Xiaoling Ma, Yangxu Wu, Xiaoyi Wei, Yuping Li, Xinyan Guo, Hongxia Wang, Wei Sun, Ling Yuan, Ying Wang and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular horticulture, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Spatial distribution of marker compounds inHorticulture research · 2026
    Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Ningxin Jiang *State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China.
Xiaoling Ma *State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China.
Yangxu WuState Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China.
Xiaoyi WeiState Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China.
Yuping LiState Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China.
Xinyan GuoState Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China.
Hongxia WangUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
Wei SunKey Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
Ling YuanDepartment of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA. lyuan3@uky.edu.
Ying WangState Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China. yingwang@scib.ac.cn.
Yongqing LiState Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China. liyongqing@scbg.ac.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8017-2045

Funding

Chinese Academy of Sciences KFJ-BRP-007-017
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Glabridin holds significant value in the pharmaceutical and cosmetics industry. Due to the challenges associated with chemical synthesis, Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) remains the only source of glabridin. However, its naturally low content is insufficient to meet the increasing market demand. In this study, several inducers of glabridin accumulation-alkali stress, salt-alkali stress, hydroxylamine, 5-azacytidine, and methyl jasmonate (MeJA)-were identified. Using integrated multi-omics analyses and in vitro enzyme assays, two interconnected biosynthetic routes were elucidated: an OMT/ODMT-dependent pathway involving methylation-demethylation cycles and an OMT/ODMT-independent route. Five enzymes, GgIFR (isoflavone reductase), GgTHIS1/2 (7,2',4'-trihydroxyisoflavanol synthases), GgPTS (pterocarpan synthase), GgPTR1/4 (pterocarpan reductases), and GgODMT (O-demethyltransferase), were functionally validated. Using an optimized Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation system, we generated transgenic hairy root lines overexpressing these enzymes were generated. GgIFR-overexpressing lines achieved a 44-fold increase in glabridin content (0.507 mg/g DW), comparable to levels in 4-year-old wild roots. This study not only elucidates the complex biosynthetic network of glabridin biosynthesis but also establishes a scalable and sustainable hairy root platform for its industrial production via synthetic biology.

Indexed as

GlabridinGlycyrrhiza glabraHairy rootsIsoflavonoid biosynthesisSynthetic biology

Identifiers

PMID41782076
PMCPMC12961851

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.