ArticleParasites & vectors2026
Wolbachia wMel and wAlbB strains differentially impact the vector competence of Aedes aegypti with a Brazilian genetic background for DENV-1 virus.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundAedes aegypti mosquitoes infected with the endosymbiotic bacterium Wolbachia pipientis have been released as a sustainable strategy to mitigate arbovirus transmission. Among the strains successfully deployed, wMel and wAlbB have shown promising blocking effects against dengue virus (DENV). However, the strength of viral inhibition depends on Wolbachia density within mosquito tissues, the genetic backgrounds of both host and virus, and the viral dose. In this study, we aimed to investigate the vector competence for DENV-1 of Ae. aegypti with Brazilian genetic background infected with wMel or wAlbB.
methodsA total of 493 wild and wMel- and wAlbB-infected mosquitoes were orally challenged with low (5 × 10
resultsBoth Ae. aegypti groups infected with wMel and wAlbB had reduced (albeit distinct) DENV-1 infection and transmission relative to wild type mosquitoes. wMel-infected mosquitoes exhibited less abundant bacteria in their bodies but a greater degree of DENV-1 inhibition compared with those carrying wAlbB, indicating that DENV-1 blocking is strain specific rather than Wolbachia density-driven. Moreover, we observed that Wolbachia had a protective effect on mosquitoes by decreasing the DENV-1 loads in their bodies, but with a constant presence of virus. Viral transmission rates in the saliva were similar among wild and wMel- and wAlbB-infected mosquitoes at 7 and 14 dpi but lower in wMel and wAlbB mosquitoes at 21 dpi.
conclusionsThe similar DENV-1 loads in mosquito bodies over time (7, 14, and 21 dpi) infected with either the wMel or wAlbB strain, regardless of the viral titer of the infectious blood meal, suggest that Wolbachia may have a maximum pathogen-blocking capacity beyond which additional virus suppression cannot be achieved. The viral suppression only after 21 dpi in the saliva raises concerns and warrants further investigation, as females may transmit before Wolbachia blockage becomes effective. While wAlbB may exhibit comparable DENV-1 blocking to wMel, its enhanced thermal tolerance makes it epidemiologically relevant in tropical regions. Continuous monitoring of Wolbachia dynamics and DENV genomic variation in the field remains essential to evaluate long-term effectiveness and detect potential adaptive viral responses.
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