ArticleBMC public health2026
Textual quantitative analysis of China's fertility-friendly policies--based on a two dimensional analytical framework of policy tools and policy objectives.
Article in BMC public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveTo quantitatively analyze China’s fertility-friendly policies issued from 2016 to 2025, examine their structural characteristics and evolution, and provide evidence for policy optimization.
methodsA two-dimensional framework of “policy tools–policy objectives” was constructed. Content analysis, word frequency analysis, and semantic network analysis were applied to 46 central-level fertility-friendly policy texts.
resultsThe number of fertility-friendly policies showed an overall upward trend with clear phased features. The policy system demonstrated service orientation, system coordination, and multi-level advancement. Environmental, supply, and demand policy tools accounted for 40.65%, 40.29%, and 19.06%, respectively, indicating an imbalanced distribution of policy tools at the central-government level. In terms of policy obectives, service-friendly, cultural and social-friendly, and interpersonal-friendly goals accounted for 73.14%, 24.32%, and 2.54%, respectively, revealing an uneven goal hierarchy. The alignment between policy tools and policy objectives was insufficient, and system coordination remained weak.
conclusionChina’s fertility-friendly policy system has shifted from initial exploration to systematic development, forming a relatively diversified but still structurally unbalanced policy structure. Future policies should increase direct financial subsidies, expand paid parental leave, and strengthen employer responsibility-sharing mechanisms, while enhancing coordination between service provision and interpersonal support systems and promoting the construction of a multi-level fertility support network involving government, society, communities, and families to improve overall policy effectiveness.
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