ArticleDocumenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology2026
Functional and structural retinal alterations in Alzheimer's disease: insights from photopic negative response (PhNR) and OCT-based analysis.
Article in Documenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- The Visual System in Alzheimer's Disease: A Multilevel Review of Pathology, Monitoring, and Intervention.Vision (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
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Abstract
backgroundWe evaluated retinal function and structure in Alzheimer's disease (AD) using photopic negative response (PhNR) from full-field electroretinography (ERG) and using optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based retinal layer measurements.
methodsNinety eyes from 61 subjects (31 controls, 30 AD patients) were included. Full-field ERGs were recorded using chromatic red-on-blue stimulation (1.7 cd·s/m
resultsA-wave (AD: - 13.4 ± 11.9 µV, control: - 32.5 ± 13.7 µV, p < 0.001), b-wave (AD: 59.1 ± 28 µV, control: 156 ± 48.8 µV, p < 0.001), PhNR (AD: - 21.4 ± 14.9 µV, control: - 51 ± 15.4 µV, p < 0.001) amplitudes were lower in AD. Thicknesses of the central INL (AD: 25 ± 6.6 µm, control: 25.2 ± 8.2 µm, p = 0.04), inferior OPL (AD: 32.7 ± 6.2 µm, control: 36.9 ± 8.9 µm, p = 0.01), and temporal OPL (AD: 29.3 ± 5.2 µm, control: 34.8 ± 7.0 µm, p = 0.001) were reduced in AD, while other retinal layers showed no significant differences between groups (p > 0.05). The b-wave amplitude showed the highest discriminative power with an AUC of 0.956, followed by the PhNR amplitude (AUC = 0.930) and the a-wave amplitude (AUC = 0.904).
conclusionAD was associated with a generalized reduction in full-field ERG amplitudes, accompanied by selective retinal layer changes on OCT. Among electrophysiological measures, b-wave amplitude demonstrated the highest ability to distinguish AD patients from controls.
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