ArticleNature2026
Merlin: a computed tomography vision-language foundation model and dataset.
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Article in Nature, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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25citing papers in PubMed
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed.
- Verification of the impact of differences between objective and subjective evaluation methods on the interpretation of artificial intelligence systems generating mammogram reports using vision-language model.Japanese journal of radiology · 2026Article
- LungGPT: A unified multimodal system for interpretable diagnosis and clinical decision support of respiratory diseases.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- A multimodal murmuration for immunotherapy.Nature medicine · 2026Article
- Confounder-Matched Deep Learning on Cardiac CT for the Diagnosis of Tetralogy of Fallot: A Proof of Concept.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Systematic evaluation of foundation models for organ-level classification on CT scans.International journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery · 2026Article
- Revealing hidden material composition via physics-induced deep learning for precision clinical diagnosis.Patterns (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- A foundation model for acute abdomen diagnosis stratification and triage on noncontrast computed tomography.Nature communications · 2026Article
- PatchChestCT: A patch-level spatial annotation dataset for nine abnormalities in chest CT.Scientific data · 2026Article
- Handling missing data: AI approach for survival prediction in lung cancer despite missing data.NPJ digital medicine · 2026Article
- Large-Scale Multi-Cancer Detection by Learning Segmentation from Reports.Research square · 2026Article
- Language-Guided Segmentation of Medical Images: A Review of Foundation Models.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Whole body CT attenuation and volume charts from routine clinical scans via LLM report filtering.NPJ digital medicine · 2026Article
- Handling missing modalities in multimodal survival prediction for non-small cell lung cancer.NPJ digital medicine · 2026Article
- Reimagining machine vision with optical computing.Nature · 2026Article
- A disease-centric vision-language foundation model for precision oncology in kidney cancer.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Application of Sparse Autoencoders to Enhance Mechanistic Interpretability of Large Language Models in Medicine.JMIR AI · 2026Article
- Foundation models for radiology: fundamentals, applications, opportunities, challenges, risks, and prospects.Diagnostic and interventional radiology (Ankara, Turkey) · 2026Review
- AI-driven smart patient retrieval for precision oncology.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2026Article
- A generalizable deep learning system for cardiac MRI.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- State of clinical AI in 2026.BMJ digital health & AI · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
40 authors.
Louis Blankemeier *Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Ashwin Kumar *Stanford Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Imaging, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-9859-4275
Joseph Paul CohenStanford Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Imaging, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Jiaming LiuStanford Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Imaging, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Longchao LiuComputational Precision Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-0257-9628
Dave Van VeenDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Syed Jamal Safdar GardeziDepartment of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
Hongkun YuDepartment of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
Magdalini PaschaliStanford Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Imaging, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4967-3137
Zhihong ChenStanford Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Imaging, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0009-5756-9824
Jean-Benoit DelbrouckStanford Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Imaging, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Eduardo ReisStanford Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Imaging, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Robbie HollandStanford Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Imaging, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Cesar TruytsDepartment of Radiology, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, San Paulo, Brazil.
Christian BluethgenStanford Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Imaging, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7321-5676
Yufu WuDepartment of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.
Long LianDepartment of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6098-189X
Malte Engmann Kjeldskov JensenStanford Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Imaging, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Sophie OstmeierStanford Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Imaging, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Maya VarmaStanford Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Imaging, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0693-7753
Jeya Maria Jose ValanarasuStanford Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Imaging, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Zhongnan FangStanford Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Imaging, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3463-7766
Zepeng HuoDepartment of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Zaid NabulsiGoogle, Mountain View, CA, USA.
Diego ArdilaGoogle, Mountain View, CA, USA.
Wei-Hung WengGoogle, Mountain View, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2232-0390
Edson Amaro JuniorDepartment of Radiology, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, San Paulo, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5889-1382
Neera AhujaDepartment of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Jason FriesDepartment of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Nigam H ShahStanford Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Imaging, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9385-7158
Greg ZaharchukStanford Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Imaging, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Marc WillisDepartment of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Adam YalaComputational Precision Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Andrew JohnstonDepartment of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Robert D BoutinDepartment of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7887-9658
Andrew WentlandDepartment of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1736-8218
Curtis P LanglotzStanford Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Imaging, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8972-8051
Jason HomDepartment of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Sergios GatidisStanford Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Imaging, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Akshay S ChaudhariStanford Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Imaging, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. akshaysc@stanford.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3667-6796
Funding
Rapid MRI for Evaluation of OsteoarthritisR01EB002524 · NIBIB · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Akshay Chaudhari, Garry E Gold · 2003 to 2026
$10.1MTR&D Project 3: OpenSim for PredictionP41EB027060 · NIBIB · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Joy P Ku · 2020 to 2026
$9.7MRADX TECH - CERES NANOSCIENCE INC NANOTRAP PARTICLE MANUFACTURING75N92020C00021 · NHLBI · CERES NANOSCIENCES, LLLP · PI DUNLAP, ROSS · 2021 to 2021
$4.0MResource CoreP50HD118632 · NICHD · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI SCOTT L DELP, Jennifer Lee Hicks · 2025 to 2026
$3.9MRapid Low-Cost Quantitative 3D MRI and Gait Assessment of the KneeR01AR077604 · NIAMS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI HARGREAVES, BRIAN ANDREW · 2020 to 2024
$3.2MImaging of Joint Response to Physiological Stress with Age, Sex and in OsteoarthritisR01AR079431 · NIAMS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Feliks Kogan · 2022 to 2026
$2.9MOpportunistic Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk Estimation at Abdominal CTs with Robust and Unbiased Deep LearningR01HL167974 · NHLBI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Imon Banerjee, Akshay Chaudhari · 2023 to 2026
$2.4MNovel Incidental Calcium Evaluation (NICE)R01HL169345 · NHLBI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Imon Banerjee, Akshay Chaudhari · 2024 to 2026
$2.1MNHLBI NIH HHS 75N92020C00021NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL167974NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL169345NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR077604NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR079431NIBIB NIH HHS P41 EB027060NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB002524NICHD NIH HHS P50 HD118632
Abstract
The large volume of abdominal computed tomography (CT) scans
Indexed as
Machine LearningTomography, X-Ray ComputedDatasets as TopicElectronic Health RecordsHumans
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.