Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41781582›Full record

ArticleOral and maxillofacial surgery2026

Bilateral pseudo-disc changes in a minipig model for unilateral anterior disc displacement of the temporomandibular joint.

Wei Liu, Xiaofeng Bai, Wenlin Yuan, Cunyi Wang, Yijie Hu, Jianghang Yu, Yi Zhang, Jiejun Shi

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In one paragraph

Article in Oral and maxillofacial surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Wei Liu *Department of Orthodontics, Stomatology Hospital, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province & Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 166 Qiutao North Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Xiaofeng Bai *Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatology Hospital, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province & Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, t, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Wenlin YuanDepartment of Orthodontics, Stomatology Hospital, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province & Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 166 Qiutao North Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Cunyi WangDepartment of Stomatology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, International School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China.
Yijie HuDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatology Hospital, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province & Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, t, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Jianghang YuDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatology Hospital, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province & Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, t, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Yi ZhangDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatology Hospital, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province & Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, t, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Jiejun ShiDepartment of Orthodontics, Stomatology Hospital, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province & Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 166 Qiutao North Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. sjiejun@zju.edu.cn.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China No. 82170984Research and development Foundation of Stomatology Hospital in Zhejiang University RD2023YYYB01
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeCurrent animal models of anterior disc displacement (ADD) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) have primarily been developed in small animals, using sutures or elastic bands to pull the disc anteriorly. These models often exhibit severe osteoarthritis (OA) and rapid progression to late-stage ADD, which do not accurately reflect the natural course of ADD in humans. This exploratory study aimed to establish a unilateral ADD-induced surgical protocol in a minipig model and evaluate the early changes of ADD.

methodsSix Bama minipigs (12 joints) were divided into 3 groups: control group (CG), ADD experimental group (ADD-EG), and contralateral experimental group (CL-EG). Nickel-titanium coil springs were used to induce mild, sustained traction to anteriorly displace the TMJ discs. After a 5-week observation period, in-vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans confirmed the anterior position of the TMJ discs.

resultsMicro-computed tomography showed minimal condylar bone changes, while histological analysis revealed mild OA-like condylar cartilage changes. MRI identified hypointense lesions posterior to the TMJ discs, indicative of pseudo-disc changes in the posterior attachments (PAs). Histological staining further confirmed chondroid metaplasia in the PAs surrounded by transitional zones in both ADD-EG and CL-EG.

conclusionThis study established a unilateral ADD minipig model using a nickel-titanium coil spring and identified bilateral chondroid metaplasia in the PAs, which may offer new perspectives for ADD therapies.

Indexed as

Joint DislocationsTemporomandibular Joint DiscTemporomandibular Joint DisordersAnimalsDisease Models, AnimalMagnetic Resonance ImagingOsteoarthritisSwineSwine, MiniatureX-Ray MicrotomographyBiomechanicsChondrogenesisFibrocartilageTemporomandibular disorderTemporomandibular joint disc

Identifiers

PMID41781582

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.