Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41781141›Full record

ArticleInfluenza and other respiratory viruses2026

Global Epidemiology of Human Adenoviruses, 2016-2024: A Pre- and Post-COVID-19 Analysis of Circulation Patterns and Epidemic Timing.

Emma Papini, Guglielmo Bonaccorsi, Angela Bechini, Fabiola Berti, Sara Boccalini, Paolo Bonanni, Manuela Chiavarini, Claudia Cosma, Chiara Lorini, Cristina Salvati and 4 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Influenza and other respiratory viruses, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Emma PapiniDepartment of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6368-9316
Guglielmo BonaccorsiDepartment of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Angela BechiniDepartment of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Fabiola BertiDepartment of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Sara BoccaliniDepartment of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Paolo BonanniDepartment of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Manuela ChiavariniDepartment of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3551-7486
Claudia CosmaDepartment of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Chiara LoriniDepartment of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Cristina SalvatiDepartment of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7652-3487
Valentina SaviozziDepartment of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Patrizio ZanobiniDepartment of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8202-2937
Saverio CainiUniversity of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Marco Del RiccioDepartment of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHuman adenoviruses (HAdV) circulate globally, but their seasonal patterns remain poorly defined. We aimed to characterize the timing, amplitude, and duration of HAdV epidemics worldwide and to compare patterns before and after the COVID-19 pandemic.

methodsVirological surveillance data on HAdV were obtained from the WHO FluNet database: data from 65 countries were analyzed to estimate epidemic peak timing, amplitude, and duration across the Northern and Southern Hemispheres and the intertropical belt, comparing prepandemic (2016-2019) with postpandemic (2021-2024) periods. To ensure robustness, analyses were restricted to country-seasons with ≥ 30 reporting weeks.

resultsFrom 2016 to 2024, 65 countries reported roughly 148,000 HAdV detections across 335 country-seasons; 46% of seasons had ≥ 50 detections. In the 20 countries with sufficient data for seasonality analyses, median epidemic duration was 31 weeks (range 5-42) and median peak amplitude 70% (40%-98%). Peak timing followed latitude: June-July in Southern Hemisphere, November-December in high-latitude Northern countries, March-April in lower latitude. After COVID-19, several countries showed marked timing shifts, with concurrent changes in amplitude.

conclusionsAfter the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the usual seasonal patterns of HAdV were altered, with pronounced shifts in peak timing across settings and latitudes. These results underscore the need for strong, ongoing, type-specific surveillance to guide public health strategies.

Indexed as

Adenoviruses, HumanAdenovirus Infections, HumanCOVID-19Global HealthHumansPandemicsSARS-CoV-2SeasonsCOVID‐19 pandemicHuman adenovirusrespiratory virusesseasonalityvirological surveillance

Identifiers

PMID41781141
PMCPMC12959972

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.