ArticleBMJ open2026
How is long-term sickness absence due to different mental disorders associated with future disability pension risk? A population-based prospective cohort study in Finland.
Article in BMJ open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThe rise in mental disorders in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries warrants close consideration, as mental disorders cause long-term sickness absences (LTSA) and increase the risk of disability pensioning (DP). This study compared how different mental disorders as a basis for LTSA pose risks for a subsequent DP.
designPopulation-based prospective cohort study. SETTING AND
participants18-59-year-old Finns starting a new psychiatric LTSA in 2020. LTSA was measured through sickness allowance accumulated over 12 months. A 48-month follow-up started from the onset of LTSA. Six mental disorder types were identified. OUTCOME MEASURES: The outcome variable was the time in months to a first paid DP spell. Using Cox proportional hazards regression stratified by sex, the DP risks of different mental disorders were examined, adjusting for comorbidity, length of LTSA and sociodemographic variables. The risks are presented as absolute risk differences and both unadjusted and covariate-adjusted HRs.
resultsCompared with depression-related LTSA, psychoses (HRs 2.93 (95% CI 2.55 to 3.36) for women/2.99 (95% CI 2.67 to 3.36) for men) and other mood disorders (HRs 1.64 (95% CI 1.40 to 1.92)/1.49 (95% CI 1.25 to 1.78)) were associated with higher covariate-adjusted HRs, while anxiety disorders (HRs 0.65 (95% CI 0.59 to 0.72)/0.76 (95% CI 0.67 to 0.87)) and psychiatric sleep disorders (HRs 0.47 (95% CI 0.38 to 0.59)/0.58 (95% CI 0.44 to 0.78)) showed lower HRs. Higher age, lower education and socioeconomic status, comorbid mental disorders, chronic diseases and longer LTSA increased the risk.
conclusionsDifferent mental disorders as basis for LTSA pose differing risks for permanent work disability. Among mental disorders, depression poses a relatively average risk for DP. Although anxiety and sleep disorders commonly cause LTSA, they are not associated with high DP risks. Psychotic and bipolar disorders are especially detrimental to work ability in today's work life.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.