Protocol for MR1-ligand cross-linking to discover metabolite antigens by proteomics.

Hannah Thomas, Garry Dolton, Lucia F Cardo, Nicola Ternette, Andrew K Sewell, Thierry Schmidlin

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Article in STAR protocols, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Hannah ThomasDivision of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK. Electronic address: thomashl9@cardiff.ac.uk.

Garry DoltonDivision of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK.

Lucia F CardoDivision of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK.

Nicola TernetteUniversity of Dundee, School of Life Sciences, Dow Street, Dundee, Scotland DD1 5EH, UK.

Andrew K SewellDivision of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK; Systems Immunology Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK; Division of Infection and Immunity, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.

Thierry SchmidlinInstitute of Immunology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany. Electronic address: schmidlt@uni-mainz.de.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Here, we present a protocol for the discovery of MR1-bound metabolite ligands by stabilizing Schiff base interactions between MR1 and its ligands. We describe steps for enriching MR1-ligand complexes using MR1-expressing A549 cells and covalently cross-linking ligands to the MR1 lysine 43 residue via reductive amination. We then detail procedures for identifying ligand-modified MR1 peptides by mass spectrometry and for further validation of candidate ligands using MR1 surface upregulation and TCR functional assays. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Schmidlin et al.

Indexed as

AntigensMinor Histocompatibility AntigensProteomicsCross-Linking ReagentsHistocompatibility Antigens Class IHumansLigandsMass SpectrometryAntigensCross-Linking ReagentsHistocompatibility Antigens Class ILigandsMinor Histocompatibility AntigensMR1 protein, humanHealth sciencesImmunologyMetabolismProteomics

Identifiers

PMID41779616

DOI10.1016/j.xpro.2026.104399

PMCPMC12969414

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.