Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41778485›Full record

ArticleThe Cochrane database of systematic reviews2026

Reduced-nicotine cigarettes for smoking cessation and reduction.

Jonathan Livingstone-Banks, Claire Ma, Elias Klemperer, Rachel N Cassidy, Holly Jarman, Dorothy Hatsukami, Nicola Lindson, Jamie Hartmann-Boyce

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Jonathan Livingstone-BanksNuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-3757-5591
Claire MaHealth Management and Policy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.
Elias KlempererUVM Tobacco Center of Regulatory Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA.
Rachel N CassidyCenter for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University, Providence, USA.
Holly JarmanHealth Management and Policy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.
Dorothy HatsukamiDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA.
Nicola LindsonNuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Jamie Hartmann-BoyceDepartment of Health Promotion and Policy, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA.

Funding

Research Project 3: Modeling the Impact of Tobacco Control Policies on Polytobacco Use and Associated Health DisparitiesU54CA229974 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Abigail S. Friedman · 2018 to 2026
$39.2M
NCI NIH HHS U54 CA229974
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThis is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To evaluate the benefits and harms of using reduced-nicotine cigarettes, compared with standard cigarettes, in people who smoke. To evaluate the benefits and harms of smoking cessation or reduction interventions used as an adjunct to reduced-nicotine cigarettes in people who smoke, compared with the same interventions delivered without reduced-nicotine cigarettes.

Indexed as

NicotineSmoking CessationSmoking ReductionTobacco ProductsHumansRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicSmokingNicotine

Identifiers

PMID41778485
PMCPMC12958414

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.