ArticleFrontiers in public health2026
Pessimism or optimism? A tri-spatial analysis of public risk perception bias and its influencing mechanisms: evidence from 31 major cities in China.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Development of an entropy-weighted evaluation system for optometric education quality in vocational colleges of Yunnan Province.BMC medical education · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Public risk perception bias (PRPB) is a critical psychological and social determinant that substantially shapes public health outcomes and the effectiveness of safety governance-particularly during large-scale crises like the COVID-19 pandemic. Amid increasingly complex urban risk landscapes, traditional single/dual-spatial frameworks fail to capture PRPB's multi-source and interactive nature. Methods: This study develops an Extended Tri-Spatial Prism Model to measure PRPB across 31 major Chinese cities (2017-2023) using multi-source data and explores its spatiotemporal dynamics and multi-level influencing mechanisms via a mixed-methods approach (Delphi technique, entropy weighting, GIS spatial analysis, multiple regression, mediation analysis). Results: (1) PRPB is dominated by pessimism with marked tri-spatial heterogeneity-physical and cyber spaces show pronounced pessimism, while social space remains cognitively neutral; (2) PRPB exhibits a "north-optimistic, south-pessimistic" spatial pattern and a COVID-19-disrupted V-shaped temporal trend (2017-2023); (3) Individual and urban factors shape PRPB through the mediation of psychological stress, social capital, media rationality, and government trust. Conclusion: This study advances the theoretical understanding of PRPB by systematically delineating its tri-spatial characteristics and underlying mechanisms. These findings provide theoretical insights and practical guidance for optimizing public risk communication systems and urban safety governance frameworks.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.